摘要
逻辑实证主义的意义理论认为,一个包含科学理论名词的句子意义是由这个理论中提出的假设演绎出来的,在不同的理论中相同句子的意义有可能不同,其科学理论名词的指称和真理的语义学概念都是依赖于理论的,这就导致了唯心主义。普特南论证了不同理论中的概念可以有相同的指称,对恩格斯的科学理论名词的指称理论表示赞同,分析了为什么这种意义理论不能接受跨理论的科学理论名词和真理理论。普特南批评了逻辑实证主义的真理理论,他提出,逻辑实证主义的科学哲学不是实在论的,但在某些时候处理科学问题时却采取了实在论的立场,当他接受某个理论为真或近似真时,他运用逻辑规则保持理论为真时,就可能出现矛盾,普特南能够接受跨理论的科学理论的“真”。普特南论证了以没有辅助性假说不能进行预测为由否定社会科学的科学性是无效的,反驳了卡尔纳普对社会学科学性的质疑。
Logical positivism theory of meaning holds that the meaning of a sentence containing a scientific theory noun is deduced from the hypothesis put forward in the theory,and the meaning of the same sentence may be different in different theories,and the reference of the scientific theory noun and the semantic concept of truth are both dependent on the theory,which leads to idealism.Putnam demonstrated that concepts in different theories can have the same reference,agreed with Engels's reference theory of scientific theory nouns,and analyzed why this theory of meaning cannot accept cross-there scientific theory nouns and truth theories.Putnam criticized the logical positivism theory of truth,he proposed that the logical positivism philosophy of science is not realism,but sometimes adopts a realist stance when dealing with scientific problems,when he accepts a theory as true or nearly true,he uses the rules of logic to keep the theory is true,there may be contradictions.Putnam was able to accept the"truth"of scientific theories across theories.Putnam demonstrated that it is invalid to deny the scientificity of social science on the grounds that prediction cannot be made without auxiliary hypothesis,and refuted Carnap's questioning of the scientificity of Social science.
作者
梁宗宪
LIANG Zong-xian(School of Marxism,Hebei Finance University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China)
出处
《贵州工程应用技术学院学报》
2024年第1期57-64,共8页
Journal of Guizhou University Of Engineering Science
基金
2022年保定市社科基金项目“普特南对唯心主义的意义理论的反驳”,项目编号:2022002。
