摘要
Aqueous redox flow batteries,by using redox-active molecules dissolved in nonflammable water solutions as electrolytes,are a promising technology for grid-scale energy storage.Organic redox-active materials offer a new opportunity for the construction of advanced flow batteries due to their advantages of potentially low cost,extensive structural diversity,tunable electrochemical properties,and high natural abundance.In this review,we present the emergence and development of organic redox-active materials for aqueous organic redox flow batteries(AORFBs),in particular,molecular engineering concepts and strategies of organic redox-active molecules.The typical design strategies based on organic redox species for high-capacity,high-stability,and high-voltage AORFBs are outlined and discussed.Molecular engineering of organic redox-active molecules for high aqueous solubility,high chemical/electrochemical stability,and multiple electron numbers as well as satisfactory redox potential gap between the redox pair is essential to realizing high-performance AORFBs.Beyond molecular engineering,the redoxtargeting strategy is an effective way to obtain high-capacity AORFBs.We further discuss and analyze the redox reaction mechanisms of organic redox species based on a series of electrochemical and spectroscopic approaches,and succinctly summarize the capacity degradation mechanisms of AORFBs.Furthermore,the current challenges,opportunities,and future directions of organic redox-active materials for AORFBs are presented in detail.
基金
Scientific and Technological Innovation Special Fund for Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20220008
Suzhou Gusu Leading Talent Program of Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Wujiang District,Grant/Award Number:ZXL2021273
Central University Basic Research Fund of China,Grant/Award Numbers:020514380266,020514380272,020514380274
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20200306
Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China,Grant/Award Number:T23‐601/17‐R
National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21872069,22022505
Nanjing International Collaboration Research Program,Grant/Award Numbers:202201007,2022SX00000955
National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFA0208200。
