摘要
地处我国西部荒漠化地区的红沙泉露天煤矿是我国重要的煤炭生产基地之一,而盐渍化问题是影响该地区生态环境的重要因素。利用Landsat(30 m)、Sentinel-2(10 m)及无人机(0.188 m)多光谱影像计算红沙泉矿区10个盐渍化指数,与实测电导率进行相关性分析,根据相关系数选出最优指数,并利用该指数、梯度结构相似度指数(Gradient-based Structural Similarity,GSSIM)及一元线性回归法监测研究区土壤盐渍化动态变化状况。结果表明:①实测土壤EC与UAV、Landsat和Sentinel-2计算出的S3指数的相关系数分别为0.703、0.665和0.723(P<0.01),其稳定性优于其他9个指数,最适于监测研究区土壤盐渍化。②从S3指数的时空分布以及转移来看,未采矿前(1988—2006年)非盐渍化区域零散分布在研究区东部和北部,重度盐渍化区域主要分布在研究区南部,2种类型相对稳定,转移量较少,而轻度盐渍化土壤转移量最大(约92.37 km^(2)),在2006年尤为明显。开采初期(2006—2010年),露天矿坑内的非盐渍化区域增加,且轻度、中度和重度盐渍土主要转移为非、轻度、中度盐渍化土壤。随开采加剧(2010—2020年),重度盐渍化区域在矿区排土场增加较为明显,非盐渍化区域随矿坑的开采与阶梯处土壤长期堆积,在矿坑内部呈现先增加后减少的趋势。整体上,盐渍化土壤向非盐渍化土壤的转移量(6.51 km^(2))小于非盐渍化土壤向盐渍化土壤的转移量(约24.70 km^(2)),土壤盐渍化呈加重状态。③GSSIM监测结果表明,1988—2006年(采矿前)突变区主要分布在研究区中、北部,且零散分布在中变区周围,而低变区大面积分布在研究区中;2006—2010年(采矿初期),突变区向北转移,且低、中和突变区的S3指数均以减少为主。矿坑开采加重的2010—2020年(采矿加剧)研究区突变区大幅度增加(增加7.10%),且集中分布在矿坑周围,表明矿坑内盐度发生了明显变化。1988�
Hongshaquan open⁃pit coal mine located in the desertification area of western China is one of the impor⁃tant coal production bases in China,and salinization is an important factor affecting the ecological environment in this area.Based on Landsat(30 m),Sentinel⁃2(10 m)and UAV(0.188 m)multi⁃spectral images,10 salinization inde⁃xes were calculated in the Hongshaquan mining area,and the correlation analysis was conducted between them and measured conductivity.The optimal indexes were selected according to the correlation coefficient.The index se⁃lected,the Gradient⁃based Structural Similarity index(GSSIM),and unitary linear regression were used to monitor the dynamic changes of soil salinization in the study area.The results show that:①the correlation coefficients between the measured soil EC and the S3 index calculated by UAV,Landsat,and Sentinel⁃2 were 0.703,0.665,and 0.723(P<0.01),respectively.The robustness of S3 is better than the other 9 indices.Overall,the S3 can be employed to monitor soil salinization in the study area.②From the spatio⁃temporal distribution and transfer of the S3 index,before mining(1988-2006),the non⁃salinized areas were scattered in the east and north of the study area,and the heavily salinized areas were mainly distributed in the south of the study area,and the two types were relatively stable.The mildly salinized soil transferred the largest amount(about 92.37 km^(2)),followed by moderately salinized soil(16.25 km^(2)),especially in 2006.In the early stage of mining(2006-2010),the non⁃salinized area in the open pit increased,and the light,moderate,and severe saline soils were mainly transferred to non,light,and moderate salin⁃ized soil.With the intensification of mining(2010-2020),the severe salinization area increased significantly in the mine dump,and the non⁃salinization area showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in the mine pit with the mining and filling of the mine pit.Overall,the transfer amount from salinized soil to non⁃salinized
作者
韩勇
于翔宇
姜凯升
刘英
彭苏萍
毕银丽
岳辉
HAN Yong;YU Xiangyu;JIANG Kaisheng;LIU Ying;PENG Suping;BI Yinli;YUE Hui(Guoneng Xinjiang Hongshaguan Energy Co.,Ltd.,Urmqi 838100,China;College of Geomatics,Xi’an University of science and Fechnology,Xi’an 710054,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of science and Technolog,Xi’an 710054,China;Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China,Xi’an Unirersit of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Cellege of Geescience and Survening Engi-neering,China University of Mining Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《煤炭学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第S02期704-712,共9页
Journal of China Coal Society
基金
国家能源集团2030重大先导资助项目(GJNY2030XDXM1903.2)。
关键词
土壤盐渍化
最优监测指数
多源遥感
荒漠化矿区
GSSIM
soil salinization
optimal monitoring index
multi⁃source remote sensing
desertification mining area
GSSIM
