摘要
海南霸王岭自然保护区是中国唯一保护海南长臂猿及其生存环境的国家级自然保护区,具有海南长臂猿(Nomascus hainanus)声音、鸟类声音等丰富的声景资源。探究海南长臂猿生境内的声景构成及声学活动,旨在为该区域的生态保护提供技术支撑。利用被动声学监测技术采集该保护区的声音数据,通过分析不同频率范围内的声景功率分布,描述了保护区声景观的特征与日变化;基于广泛使用的4个声学指数ACI(acoustic complex index)、ADI(acoustic diversity index)、BI(bioacoustic index)、NDSI(normalized difference soundscape index)来评估海南长臂猿声音,并利用随机森林算法,以4个声学指数为预测变量,有无海南长臂猿声音为响应变量,对声音数据进行分类。结果表明:(1)不同频率范围内的声景功率反映了研究区不同的声学群落信息,具有显著的时间变化特征,表明了鸟类、海南长臂猿等动物的黎明和黄昏合唱活动,其中,1~2 kHz符合海南长臂猿的黎明合唱,2~5 kHz符合鸟类等动物的生活规律;(2)有海南长臂猿与无长臂猿鸣叫时声学指数的变化趋势存在明显差异,其中,NDSI的变化差异最大;(3)4个声学指数对于海南长臂猿声音数据的分类结果较好,交叉验证后的AUC值为0.9764。本研究基于声景观有效地获取了试验区动物的活动特征,并证明了利用声学指数评估海南长臂猿鸣叫的可行性,为海南霸王岭地区及海南长臂猿的声学监测奠定基础。
Hainan Bawangling Nature Reserve,the only national nature reserve in China that protects Nomascus hainanus and their living environment,has rich acoustic soundscape resources consisted of sounds from N.hainanus,birds and other animals.Exploring the soundscape composition and acoustic activities of N.hainanus habitat would shed light on the daily behavior of N.hainanus and provide technical support for ecological conservation.Using passive acoustic monitoring techniques,huge amount of sound data were collected in the protected area.The soundscape and its daily variations were characterized by analyzing the distribution of the soundscape power in different frequency ranges.Four widely used acoustic indices,including ACI(acoustic complex index),ADI(acoustic diversity index),BI(bioacoustic index),and NDSI(normalized difference soundscape index),were extracted to evaluate N.hainanus sounds.The Random Forest method was employed to classify sounds with the four acoustic indices as predictor variables and the presence or absence of N.hainanus sounds as response variables.The results showed that:(1)The soundscape power in different frequency ranges reflected different acoustic community information,with significant temporal variations,indicating the dawn chorus and dusk chorus activities of birds,N.hainanus and other animals.Among them,1-2 kHz was consistent with the N.hainanus dawn chorus,and 2-5 kHz was in line with the circadian rhythm of birds and other animals.(2)The changing trends of acoustic indices with and without N.hainanus calls were significantly different,with the largest difference of NDSI and the least of ADI.(3)Four acoustic indices gave better classification results for the sound data of N.hainanus,with a crossvalidated AUC value of 0.9764.This study effectively reveals the activity characteristics of animals in the experimental area based on soundscape,indicating the feasibility of using acoustic index to evaluate the call of N.hainanus,and thus lays the foundation for acoustic monitoring of Hainan Bawa
作者
郭安琪
刘昱坤
于新文
张旭
陈艳
罗丽
高家军
杨蔡芸
GUO Anqi;LIU Yukun;YU Xinwen;ZHANG Xu;CHEN Yan;LUO Li;GAO Jiajun;YANG Caiyun(Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System NFGA,Beijing 100091,China;College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期804-814,共11页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
科技基础资源调查专项项目(2019FY101600)资助。
关键词
声景生态学
声学指数
海南长臂猿
被动声学监测
随机森林
soundscape ecology
acoustic index
Nomascus hainanus
passive acoustic monitoring
random forest
