摘要
为探究不同硝态氮、铵态氮素配比对贵州安顺地区植烟土壤和烤烟生长及产质量的影响,寻找适宜于当地烟叶优质生产的最佳配比,设置了5个处理(CK;T_(1):100%硝态氮肥;T_(2):70%硝态氮+30%铵态氮;T_(3):50%硝态氮+50%铵态氮;T_(4):30%硝态氮+70%铵态氮;T_(5):100%铵态氮),分析了不同处理下的烤烟生育期、农艺性状、经济性状、病害发生情况以及烤后烟叶化学成分及根际土壤理化性状和酶活性,以期为该地区优化烟草施肥、改善植烟土壤、提高烟叶产质量提供一定的理论依据。结果表明:T_(2)处理大田生育期为112 d,现蕾期较T_(3)处理提前了6 d,T_(2)、T_(4)、T_(5)处理有效叶数显著高于T_(3)处理;T_(2)处理发病率最低,SPAD值显著高于T_(1)、T_(3)、T_(4)和T_(5)处理,发病率与土壤速效钾含量呈极显著负相关;T_(2)和T_(3)处理烤后烟叶的经济性状表现较好,T_(2)处理增加了中上等烟比例;T_(3)、T_(4)处理烤烟的钾含量显著高于T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(5)处理,且符合优质烟标准,T_(2)处理的烟碱含量显著高于T_(1)、T_(4)和T_(5)处理,氯含量显著低于其他处理,化学成分协调性综合评分最高;T_(2)处理显著增加了成熟期根际土壤pH值及酸性磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活力。因此,综合考虑烟株的生长情况、发病率、烤后烟叶的化学成分以及植烟土壤肥力状况,在安顺地区硝铵氮素配比为7∶3施用效果更优,更有利于云烟87的生长。
In order to explore the effects of different nitrate and ammonium nitrogen ratios on tobacco-growing soil and the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Anshun area of Guizhou Province and find the best ratio suitable for highquality production of local tobacco leaves,5 treatments were set up(CK;T_(1):100%nitrate nitrogen fertilizer;T_(2):70%nitrate nitrogen+30%ammonium nitrogen;T_(3):50%nitrate nitrogen+50%ammonium nitrogen;T_(4):30%nitrate nitrogen+70%ammonium nitrogen;T_(5):100%ammonium nitrogen),and the growth period,agronomic traits,economic traits,disease occurrence,chemical composition,rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco under different treatments were analyzed,in order to provide some theoretical basis for optimizing tobacco fertilization,improving tobacco-planting soil and improving tobacco yield and quality in this area.The results showed that the field growth period of T_(2)treatment was 112 days,and the budding stage was 6 days earlier than that of T_(3)treatment.The effective leaf number of T_(2),T_(4)and T_(5)treatments was significantly higher than that of T_(3)treatment.T_(2)treatment had the lowest incidence.The SPAD value of T_(2)treatment was significantly higher than that of T_(1),T_(3),T_(4)and T_(5),and the incidence was negatively correlated with soil available potassium.T_(2)and T_(3)treatments had better economic properties of flue-cured tobacco,and T_(2)treatment increased the proportion of mediumgrade tobacco.The potassium content of T_(3)and T_(4)treatments was significantly higher than that of T_(1),T_(2)and T_(5),and in line with the standard of high-quality tobacco.The nicotine content of T_(2)treatment was significantly higher than that of T_(1),T_(4)and T_(5)treatments,the chlorine content was significantly lower than other treatments,and the comprehensive score of chemical composition coordination was the highest.T_(2)treatment significantly increased rhizosphere soil pH and activities of acid phosphatase,urease and s
作者
李先伟
高正锋
周国琴
虞健
宝童曦
杨绍磊
姚俊杰
毛璞麟
叶鹏
杨智斌
吕芬
LI Xian-wei;GAO Zheng-feng;ZHOU Guo-qin;YU Jian;BAO Tong-xi;YANG Shao-lei;YAO Jun-jie;MAO Pu-lin;YE Peng;YANG Zhi-bin;LYU Fen(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
CAS
2024年第1期1-7,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
贵州省烟草公司重点研发项目(2021XM15)。
关键词
硝态氮
铵态氮
土壤酶活
烟草青枯病
产质量
Nitrate nitrogen
Ammonium nitrogen
Soil enzyme activity
Tobacco bacterial wilt
Yield and quality
