摘要
稀土由于具有独特的物理化学性质,被广泛地应用于电子、冶金、机械、石油化工等多个领域。随着其应用范围的不断扩大,稀土元素不可避免地进入环境,并可能通过食物链、呼吸、皮肤接触等多种途径对人类健康产生威胁。因此,研究稀土元素的生物毒害性有利于增强对稀土元素的全面认识,对评估稀土环境风险具有重要意义。本文综述了近年来稀土元素的生物毒害性研究进展,主要包括:稀土元素对植物、动物和人体的生物毒害效应及其机制;稀土元素的不同暴露方式及其健康影响;稀土元素的安全临界剂量研究进展。当前由于人们对稀土元素的生物毒害效应认识不足,因此,未来应加强对稀土不同暴露方式下的人体健康效应的关注。尤其需要注意在离子吸附型稀土矿大面积出露的华南地区,自然区的暴露作用不容忽视,特别要警惕人群的摄食量和与稀土元素可能有关的病症;基于现有对稀土暴露方式的认识,优化作业流程并加强管理,减少甚至切断相关稀土暴露源;加快建立并推行稀土安全临界剂量标准,为稀土污染评价和环境治理提供参考。
Owing to their special 4f electronic structure and active chemical properties,REEs have been widely applied in different fields including electronics,petrochemicals,metallurgy,and machinery.With the continuous expansion of its application range,REE will inevitably enter the environment and may pose a threat to human health through various pathways such as food chain,respiration,and skin contact.Therefore,the study of the biotoxicity of REEs is conducive to enhancing the comprehensive understanding of REEs and is of great significance for assessing their environmental risks.In this paper,we summarize the research progress on the biotoxicity of REEs in recent years,including the biotoxic effects of REEs on plants,animals,and humans;different exposure patterns of REEs and their health effects;and research progress on safe critical doses of REEs.It is worth noting that more attention should be paid to the human health effects of REEs under different exposure patterns,especially under natural exposure of ion-adsorption type REE deposits in South China.The overall summary of the current scientific findings and discussions of the future research prospects in this paper could offer some insights into the study of the toxicological effects of REE on organisms,provide an important theoretical basis for REE risk assessment in the environment,and help to establish a sustainable,safe,and healthy environment for REE development.
作者
王园园
傅浩洋
朱建喜
何宏平
梁晓亮
WANG Yuanyuan;FU Haoyang;ZHU Jianxi;HE Hongping;LIANG Xiaoliang(CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《地球化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期3-16,共14页
Geochimica
基金
广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2019B030302013)
广东省重点实验室运行项目(2020B1212060055)
广东省科技创新领军人才项目(2019TX05L169)联合资助。
关键词
稀土元素
生物毒害性
暴露作用
安全临界剂量
rare earth elements
biotoxicity
exposure effect
safety critical dose
