摘要
【目的】明确珠江口海域游泳动物群落结构及多样性特征,掌握物种组成、优势种、资源量及时空分布等生态现状,为珠江口海域游泳动物资源保护及合理开发利用提供理论依据。【方法】于2021年9月(秋季)和2022年4月(春季)对珠江口海域16个站位进行底拖网调查,计算相对重要性指数(IRI)、Margalef丰富度指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)和Pielou均匀度指数(J′)等生物多样性指标,并结合尾数生物量比较(ABC)曲线、聚类分析和非度量多维尺度(NMDS)分析等方法分析游泳动物群落结构的时空差异性。【结果】共调查捕获游泳动物215种,隶属18目77科48属,其中鱼类120种、甲壳类91种、头足类4种;全年优势种7种,优势种生物量占总生物量的51.81%,秋季、春季各9种,分别占总生物量的70.63%和63.26%;其中秋季优势种为近亲蟳(Charybdis affinis)、近缘新对虾(Metapenaeus affinis)、亨氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hungerfordi)、长叉三宅虾蛄(Miyakea nepa)、皮氏叫姑鱼(Johnius belangerii)、短吻鲾(Leiognathus brevirostris)、凤鲚(Coilia mystus)、颈斑鲾(Nuchequula nuchalis)、线纹鳗鲶(Plotosus lineatus);春季优势种为近亲蟳、近缘新对虾、变态蟳(C.variegata)、亨氏仿对虾、长叉三宅虾蛄、皮氏叫姑鱼、须赤虾(Metapenaeopsis barbata)、周氏新对虾(M.joyneri)、脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda);全年丰富度指数D平均值为7.65,多样性指数H′平均值为2.56,均匀度指数J′平均值为0.66。秋季和春季生物量平均值分别为1510和4626 g/h;根据ABC曲线计算的秋季、春季W分别为-0.062和-0.049,表明珠江口海域游泳动物群落受中度干扰。聚类分析和NMDS分析结果显示,珠江口海域游泳动物群落分为河口群组和近岸群组,组间群落结构差异极显著(P<0.01)。【结论】珠江口海域鱼类种群虽然已获得一定程度的恢复,生物多样性水平较高,但传统优势经济鱼类逐渐被�
【Objective】The purpose of the study was to analyze the nekton community structure and diversity in the coastal waters of the Pearl River Estuary,and to study the ecological status of the species composition,dominant spe‐cies,resources and spatial and temporal distribution,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and rational development of nekton resources in coastal waters of the Pearl River Estuary.【Method】A bottom trawl survey was con‐ducted in September 2021(autumn)and April 2022(spring)at 16 stations in the coastal waters of the Pearl River Estuary.Their biodiversity indicators such as relative importance index(IRI),Margalef richness index(D),Shannon-Wiener di‐versity index(H'),and Pielou evenness index(J')were computed.The methods of tail biomass comparison(ABC)curve,cluster analysis,and non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis were employed to assess spatial and temporal heterogeneity in nekton community structure.【Result】A total of 215 nekton species were caught in the survey,belonging to 18 orders,77 families and 48 genera;among them,there were 120 fish species,91 crustaceans species,and 4 cephalopods species.There were 7 dominant species in the whole year,accounting for 51.81%of the total biomass,and 9 species in autumn and spring,accounting for 70.63%and 63.26%of the total biomass respectively.The dominant species in autumn were Charybdis affinis,Metapenaeus affinis,Parapenaeopsis hungerfordi,Miyakea nepa,Johnius be‐langerii,Leiognathus brevirostris,Coilia mystus,Nuchequula nuchalis and Plotosus lineatus;and dominant species in spring were C.affinis,M.affinis,C.variegata,P.hungerfordi,M.nepa,J.belangerii,Metapenaeopsis barbata,M.joyneri and Exopalaemon carinicauda.The average richness index D,diversity index H'and evenness index J'were 7.65,2.56 and 0.66,respectively.The average biomass in autumn and spring were 1510 and 4626 g/h respectively.The W calcu‐lated by ABC curve in autumn and spring were-0.062 and-0.049 respectively,indicating that the nekton
作者
裴精花
陈清华
范金金
刘伟杰
郭照良
隋昊志
PEI Jing-hua;CHEN Qing-hua;FAN Jin-jin;LIU Wei-jie;GUO Zhao-liang;SUI Hao-zhi(School of Life Science and Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan,Guangdong 528225,China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510655,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510530,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期3727-3738,共12页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广东省海洋经济发展(海洋六大产业)专项(粤自然资合[2023]41号)
广东省环境保护专项(PM-zx555-202106-195)
广州市基础研究计划基础与应用基础研究项目(PM-zx913-202204-090)。
关键词
游泳动物
群落结构
多样性特征
ABC曲线
非度量多维尺度(NMDS)
珠江口海域
nekton
community structure
diversity characteristics
ABC curve
non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)
coastal waters of the Pearl River Estuary
