摘要
长江是亚洲最大的河流系统,其形成演化对东亚地区的地形、气候变化、生物演化和物质循环都具有重要的指示意义。长江三峡位于扬子板块中部,其形成贯通了四川盆地和江汉盆地水系,被认为是长江演化过程中最重要的事件之一。然而,有关三峡的形成却颇具争议,为了厘清长江三峡的形成过程,回溯了关于长江三峡的成因和形成时间的百年争议,并对长江三峡形成机制和过程研究进行了梳理。通过分析发现,由于研究思路、研究对象和研究方法的限制,长江三峡侵蚀时间和下游物源分析结果矛盾,长江三峡东流贯通时间存在较大争议。综合分析认为,长江三峡的形成研究应通过峡谷基岩的侵蚀以及江汉盆地沉积物物源分析来共同约束,尤其是通过独居石裂变径迹和宇宙成因核素定年等年代学方法以及单颗粒矿物地球化学分析和全岩同位素分析的联合应用可以为峡谷侵蚀时间和江汉盆地及四川盆地源汇体系建立时间提供更为精确的约束。研究表明,可基于地球系统科学和源—汇系统理论,从构造—地貌—气候演化的视角,对后续的长江三峡以及其他大型河流演化进行全流域的系统分析,尤其是可以综合青藏高原等源区的地球化学特征、隆升时间以及沉积盆地演化、盆地沉积物碎屑矿物地球化学特征等,共同分析长江等大型河流演化过程。
The Yangtze River is the largest river system in Asia,and its formation and evolution are of great significance for understanding the topography,climate change,biological evolution,and material cycles of East Asia.The Three Gorges lie in the central Yangtze Block,and its formation connects the drainage in the Sichuan Basin and the Jianghan Basin;therefore,it is regarded as one of the most critical events in the history of the Yangtze River.However,the debate over how and when the Three Gorges were formed has been ongoing for over a century.This study reviews the century-long debate,especially regarding the formation mechanism and age of the Three Gorges,to clarify the formation of the Yangtze Three Gorges.A comparison highlighted a conflict between the erosion time of the Three Gorges and the provenance analysis in the downstream basin,stemming from limitations in research ideas,objects,and methods.Determining the formation time of the Three Gorges necessitates a comprehensive approach that integrates gorge erosion and provenance analysis in the Jianghan Basin.Methods such as monazite fission track,cosmogenic nuclide dating,and geochemical analysis of singlegrain minerals offer precise constraints on gorge erosion and aid in establishing a source-sink system between the Jianghan Basin and Sichuan Basin.Drawing on the principles of Earth system science and source-sink systems,this study proposes an analysis of tectonics,landforms,and climatic evolution to understand the evolution of large drainage systems such as the Yangtze River.In particular,a comprehensive analysis of the geochemical characteristics and exhumation histories of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,basin development,and geochemical characteristics of detritus minerals is required to investigate the evolutionary processes of large rivers such as the Yangtze River.
作者
杨超群
朱祥峰
王亮
沈传波
李云帅
YANG Chaoqun;ZHU Xiangfeng;WANG Liang;SHEN Chuanbo;LI Yunshuai(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Post-Doctoral Station of Geological Resource and Geological Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Three Gorges Geotechnical Consultants CO.,LTD,Wuhan 430074,China;Geophysical Exploration Center,China Earthquake Administration,Zhengzhou 450002,China;School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Key laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期124-139,共16页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:41972152)
地震动力学国家重点实验室开放基金(编号:LED2022B04)
湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(编号:2021CFA031)资助。
关键词
长江三峡
河流演化
形成时间
Yangzte Three Gorges
Debates
Drainage evolution
Formation time
