摘要
为保障夏花生出苗和高产高效,本研究采用漫灌和膜下滴灌两种灌溉方式,系统研究了不同灌溉方式对夏花生田土壤理化性状、植株养分积累、肥料利用率及花生产量的影响。结果表明,膜下滴灌各土层地温在昼间7:00、9:00、11:30及14:30均高于漫灌,但滴灌处理土壤容重在0~15 cm土层显著低于漫灌。滴灌处理显著增加了0~30 cm土壤含水量,且提高了各土层的有机质含量和花生茎、叶、果壳中氮和磷含量,显著提高了花生荚果氮含量及积累量和花生茎、叶中磷和钾的积累量。与漫灌相比,滴灌处理氮、磷、钾肥的农学效率分别提高33.0%、33.9%、36.4%;夏花生产量显著提高,达17.8%。综合分析表明,膜下滴灌提高了花生产量,增加了经济效益,增强了作物对土壤养分与水分的有效利用。
In order to guarantee the emergence and high productivity of the summer peanut,a trial with two irrigation methods(flood irrigation and drip irrigation under film)was carried out to systematically study the effects of different irrigation methods on soil physicochemical properties of summer peanut field,as well as plant nutrient accumulation,fertilizer utilization,and yield of the peanut.The results showed that the soil temperature of each soil layer under drip irrigation was higher than flood irrigation at 7:00,9:00,11:30,and 14:30.In addition,the soil bulk density under drip irrigation was significantly lower than flood irrigation in the 0-15 cm soil layer.Drip irrigation increased the soil water content in the 0-30 cm soil layer,improved the soil organic matter content in each soil layer,and increased the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in peanut stems,leaves and shell,and significantly increased the content and accumulation of nitrogen in peanut pods and the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in peanut stems and leaves.Further more,drip irrigation significantly improved the nitrogen,phosphorus,and potash fertilizer agronomic efficiency,which were 33.0%,33.9%,and 36.4%higher than flood irrigation,respectively.Summer peanut yield under drip irrigation increased by 17.8%compared to flood irrigation.Comprehensive analysis showed that drip irrigation under film could improve peanut yield,increase economic benefits,and enhance the effective utilization of soil nutrients.
作者
常维
刘颖
彭振英
王建国
张佳蕾
么传训
闫振辉
郭峰
万书波
高文伟
CHANG Wei;LIU Ying;PENG Zhen-ying;WANG Jian-guo;ZHANG Jia-lei;YAO Chuan-xun;YAN Zhen-hui;GUO Feng;WAN Shu-bo;GAO Wen-wei(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Gaotang Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Gaotang 252800,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2024年第1期52-58,64,共8页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1000105)
山东省重点研发计划项目(ZFJH202310,2022CXPT031)
山东省农业科学院重大科技成果培育工程项目(CXGC2023E01)。
关键词
夏花生
膜下滴灌
土壤理化性状
产量
肥料利用效率
summer peanut
drip irrigation under film
soil physicochemical properties
yield
fertilizeruse efficiency
