摘要
太阳能驱动水蒸气产生(SSG)可应用于海水淡化、污水处理等领域,对获取纯净水和解决水资源短缺问题具有重要意义。通过提高光热材料的光热转换性能、水传输速率和系统的热量管理,可实现超高的太阳能蒸气转换效率。太阳能驱动水蒸发发电系统拓展了SSG的功能性,进一步提高了系统的能量利用率,为小型电子器件、柔性穿戴设备和偏远地区供电提供了创新模式。太阳能驱动水蒸发发电系统主要分为在SSG基础上集成发电模块和自供电2类发电方式。本文总结了太阳能驱动水蒸发发电系统的研究进展,分析了不同发电模式和材料类型的优缺点,对太阳能驱动水蒸发发电系统面临的挑战和未来的发展进行了分析和展望。
With the rapid growth of population and the development of industry,the lack of clean water resources becomes increasingly prominent.For the shortage of clean water resources,China as a country rich in seawater resources vigorously promotes seawater desalination technology,which has gradually developed into a strategic industry.Compared with the existing desalination technologies such as multi-effect distillation,multi-stage flash evaporation,reverse osmosis membrane,electrodialysis and so on,the desalination technology based on the principle of solar photothermal conversion has unparalleled advantages,i.e.,environmental-friendly,high efficiency and low cost.Solar-driven steam generation(SSG)could be widely applied in seawater desalination,sewage treatment and other fields,which is of great significance in acquiring pure water and solving the problem of water resource shortage.Ultra-high solar steam conversion efficiency could be achieved by increasing photothermal conversion efficiency,water transfer rate and heat management of the SSG system.In recent years,the evaporation models underwent a gradual transition from using photothermal particles dispersed in volume water to interface water evaporation with porous insulation layer or 1D or 2D water transport channels to the hydrophilic gel evaporation structure.It is reported that TiN hyperbranched nanowires have a better solar light absorption and a higher specific surface area to evaporate water rather than TiN nanoparticles and nanotubes.Its solar water evaporation rate and solar thermal conversion efficiency are 1.5252 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)and 94.01%,respectively,under 1 kW·m^(-2)simulated solar irradiation.Zhu et al.demonstrated that a carbon foam with a three-dimensional interconnected porous structure enables a sufficient diffusion of vapor with a convective flow and realizes an evaporation rate of 10.9 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1).Solar-driven steam-electricity system expands the functionary of SSG,providing an innovative pattern for the electricity supply for tiny el
作者
许自洁
杨修春
王语凡
XU Zijie;YANG Xiuchun;WANG Yufan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Key Laboratory of AdvancedCivil Engineering Materials of Education of Ministry,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)
出处
《硅酸盐学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期255-272,共18页
Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society
基金
上海市科委纳米专项(0452nm075,11nm0500700)
上海市基础研究重点项目(05JC14058,08JC1419000)
国家自然科学基金(50672069)。
关键词
太阳能驱动水蒸气产生
水蒸发诱导发电
集成发电模块
自供电发电模块
水伏效应
solar-driven steam generation
water evaporation-induced electricity
integrated electricity generation module
self-powered electricity generation module
hydrovoltaic effect
