摘要
对黄淮麦区小麦品种进行遗传多样性分析,分类、筛选农艺性状优异品种,可为拓宽黄淮麦区小麦品种的遗传基础及培育突破性新品种提供基础材料。以黄淮麦区已审定的180个小麦品种为研究群体,对其6个重要农艺性状进行变异分析、相关分析和聚类分析。变异分析结果显示,株高的变异系数(CV)最小(5.76%),说明参试品种株高差异较小,株高改良到了瓶颈期,已经没有多少下降的空间;不育小穗数的变异系数最大(41.58%),改良空间较大,改良后可有效改善结实性。相关分析结果显示,穗长与每穗小穗数和穗粒数呈极显著正相关(r分别为0.546和0.323),每穗小穗数与穗粒数呈极显著正相关(r=0.338),小麦株高与不育小穗数呈显著负相关(r=-0.213),每穗小穗数与单株有效分蘖数呈显著负相关(r=-0.242),不育小穗数与穗粒数呈极显著负相关(r=-0.361),穗粒数与单株有效分蘖数呈极显著负相关(r=-0.364)。聚类分析结果显示,180份试材分为五大类群:第一类群包括57个品种,其平均穗长和穗粒数最高,6个农艺性状CV的平均值为15.5%;第二类群包括25个品种,其平均穗长、每穗小穗数、不育小穗数和单株有效分蘖均最低,6个农艺性状CV的平均值为12.87%;第三类群包括54个品种,其平均株高最大、穗粒数最低,6个农艺性状CV的平均值为12.66%;第四类群包括34个品种,其平均单株有效分蘖数最高,6个农艺性状CV的平均值为10.39%;第五类群包括10个品种,其平均每穗小穗数和不育小穗数最高,6个农艺性状CV的平均值为15.51%。180个小麦品种的农艺性状变异较大,遗传多样性丰富,其中,第一类群有57个小麦品种,其农艺性状最优良,在小麦育种中结合育种目标可以作为骨干亲本材料;其他4个类群共123个小麦品种,个别农艺性状优良,可以作为改良另一育种材料某个欠优性状的供体亲本材料。
Analyzing the genetic diversity of wheat varieties in the Huanghuai wheat region,classifying and screening varieties with excellent agronomic traits,can provide basic materials for expanding the genetic basis of wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat region and cultivating breakthrough new varieties.Using 180 wheat varieties approved from Huanghuai wheat region as the research population,the variation analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis were conducted on six important agronomic traits.The results of variation analysis showed that the variation coefficient(CV)of plant height was the smallest(5.76%),indicating that the differences in plant height among the tested varieties were relatively small.The improvement of plant height reached the bottleneck period,and it is difficult to be shortened.The CV of the number of sterile spikelets was the highest(41.58%),indicating a large potential for improvement,which can effectively improve seed setting.The correlation analysis results showed that there was a highly significant positive correlation between spike length and the number of spikelets and grains per spike(r=0.546 and 0.323,respectively),a highly significant positive correlation between the number of spikelets per spike and the number of grains per spike(r=0.338),a significant negative correlation between wheat plant height and the number of sterile spikelets(r=-0.213),a significant negative correlation between the number of spikelets per spike and the number of effective tillers per plant(r=-0.242),and a highly significant negative correlation between the number of sterile spikelets and the number of grains per spike(r=-0.361).The number of grains per spike was significantly negatively correlated with the number of effective tillers per plant(r=-0.364).The clustering analysis results showed that 180 test materials were divided into five groups:the first group included 57 varieties,with the highest average spike length and grain number,and an average CV of 15.5%for 6 agronomic traits.The second group incl
作者
田顺顺
王冲
郭凤芝
林坤
李思同
郭凌云
王应党
任自超
曹光
葛振勇
TIAN Shun-shun;WANG Chong;GUO Feng-zhi;LIN Kun;LI Si-tong;GUO Ling-yun;WANG Ying-dang;REN Zi-chao;CAO Guang;GE Zhen-yong(Heze Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Heze 274000,China;Heze Academy of Agricultural Sciences Experimental Demonstration Development Service Center,Heze 274000,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2024年第1期86-91,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-2-20)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-01-20)。
关键词
小麦
农艺性状
遗传多样性
变异系数
相关分析
系统聚类分析
Wheat
Agronomic traits
Genetic diversity
Variation coefficient
Correlation analysis
Hierarchical cluster analysis
