摘要
为针对性地解决转炉炼钢作业时的消防安全问题,提出将熵权-最优最劣法(Best Worst Method,BWM)和物元可拓模型相结合的转炉车间火灾风险评估模型。通过将指标分为人、物料设备、环境、管理及消防设施5大类,构建转炉车间火灾风险评估指标体系;利用复合语言对35个指标进行评价,引入有序加权平均算子(Ordered Weighted Averaging,OWA)计算各语言的犹豫语言术语集(Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Set,HFLTS)模糊包络,再根据各专家权重进行加权计算并将语言量化构成评价矩阵;基于熵权、BWM分别算得各指标权重,再运用最小二乘法得到综合权重;最后利用物元可拓模型确定各指标及转炉车间的火灾风险等级。以河北省某炼钢转炉车间为例进行评估得出:该转炉车间的综合风险等级为I级(安全),其中动火监护的人员监管情况、氧枪法兰松紧度、炉前温度环境、作业现场物品摆放情况、作业巡查及设备检查情况和消防疏散通道堵塞情况仍需改善。
To solve the fire safety problem in converter steelmaking operation,a fire risk assessment model for converter workshop is proposed,which combines entropy power⁃Best Worst Method(BWM)and matter⁃element extension model.By dividing the indicators into five categories:people,materials,environment,management,and fire protection facilities,a fire risk assessment index system for the converter workshop is constructed;Five experts are invited to evaluate the 35 secondary indicators by using the composite language combined with a single language and comparative language,and the Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Set(HFLTS)fuzzy envelope of each evaluation language is calculated using Ordered Weighted Average(OWA).Due to the difference in the level and prior knowledge of each expert,to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results,experts are given different weights,and then the evaluation results of each indicator are weighted according to the weight of each expert,and the language is quantified by the expectation formula to form the evaluation matrix.Entropy weight and BWM are used to calculate the subjective weight and objective weight of each index,and then the least square method is used to obtain the comprehensive weight.Finally,the matter⁃element extension model is used to determine the fire risk level of all levels of indicators and converter workshop.According to the fire risk assessment results,we can accurately know the indicators that need to be improved and provide reasonable suggestions for fire safety management.Taking a steelmaking converter workshop in Hebei Province as an example,the assessment shows that the fire risk level of material factors and management factors in the first⁃level indicators is LevelⅡ(relatively safe),the fire risk level of human factors,environmental factors,and fire protection facilities is LevelⅠ(safe),and the comprehensive risk level of the converter workshop is LevelⅠ(safety),which is consistent with the actual situation and proves the feasibility of the model.
作者
秦华礼
李欣悦
QIN Huali;LI Xinyue(College of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeast University,Shenyang 110819,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期432-439,共8页
Journal of Safety and Environment
