摘要
研究岩体采动力学响应和岩层控制技术对促进煤炭安全高效开采、保障能源稳定供给具有重要意义,是实现煤炭资源科学开采的理论基础。矿山岩体灾害(围岩变形、冲击地压等)频发,其形成-演化-发生全过程与采动力演化分布、岩层运动、开采扰动和能量演化密切相关。基于实用矿山压力控制理论,提出并阐述了采场岩层控制进展与控制准则,建立了定量分析的力学模型和设计方法,发展了针对性的岩体灾害控制技术,并创新研制了配套试验研究装备。采动力学与岩层控制理论将岩层控制分为采场岩层控制和巷道围岩控制;提出控制或利用采动岩层运动改变致灾条件,给出“给定变形”和“限定变形”准则;调控“3S”因素准则(围岩应力环境、围岩结构属性、围岩支护结构)改变围岩自稳能力。以岩体灾害控制为目标,提出了以“应力主控”为核心的释能主控技术;建立了岩体灾害控制大小原理和弱面判据(安全系数K、冲击危险性系数U);研发了采场矿压机械模拟试验系统、采动力试验系统和蠕变及动力扰动冲击加载试验系统,实现了实验室尺度还原采动力作用下岩体变形-破裂-运动过程,为研究采动力作用下岩体力学响应提供了试验装备;分别从采场岩层控制、地质软岩巷道控制、工程软岩巷道控制及冲击地压控制4个方向进行了工程案例研究,相关研究成果在工程应用中得到了验证。
Studying the dynamic response of rock mass mining and strata control technology is of great significance for promoting safe and efficient coal production and ensuring stable energy supply.It is the theoretical basis for scientific mining of coal resources.Mine rock mass disasters(surrounding rock deformation,rock burst,etc.)occur frequently,and their formation-evolution-occurrence process is closely related to the evolution and distribution of mine-induced stress,strata movement,mine-induced disturbance and energy evolution.Based on the practical theory of ground pressure control,the progress and control criteria of strata control in the stope are presented.The mechanical models and design methods for quantitative analysis are established.Also,the targeted rock disaster control technology and the assorted equipment are innovatively developed.In the theory of mining mechanics and strata control,the strata control is divided into rock control in stope and surrounding rock control in roadway.The control or utilization of strata movement to change the conditions of disaster is proposed,and the criteria of“given deformation”and“limited deformation”are provided.The selfstabilization ability of surrounding rock can be changed by regulating the“3S”factors criteria(stress environment,structural properties,and support structure).With the goal of controlling rock mass disasters,the system of control and energy release with core of stress control in roadway surrounding rock is presented.The principle of rock mass disaster control considering stress and energy and the assessment criteria for weak surface(safety factor K and impact hazard factor U)are established.The ground pressure mechanical simulation test system in stope,the mining-induced stress test system,and the creep and dynamic disturbance impact loading test system are independently developed.The series equipment can realize the laboratory-scale reduction of the deformation-fracture-movement process of rock mass under the action of mine-induced stress,pr
作者
宋振骐
文志杰
蒋宇静
蒋金泉
石永奎
SONG Zhenqi;WEN Zhijie;JIANG Yujing;JIANG Jinquan;SHI Yongkui(College of Energy and Mining Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Graduate School of Engineering,Nagasaki University,Nagasaki 852-8521,Japan)
出处
《煤炭学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期16-35,共20页
Journal of China Coal Society
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974174,52274130)
贵州大学自然科学科研基金资助项目(贵大领军合字(2023)09号)。
关键词
采动力学
岩层控制
岩体灾害
“3S”因素
弱面判据
试验系统研发
mine-induced stress
strata control
rock mass disasters“3S”factors
weak surface criterion
development of experimental systems
