摘要
老年人在家中厨房作业的时间长、频率高,存在较多不良的作业姿势,容易导致老年人的健康受损。基于快速上肢评估方法(Rapid Upper Limb Assessment,RULA),对老年人在厨房作业时身体各部位的姿势负荷进行分析和风险等级评定,量化了洗菜、切菜、烧菜3种厨房作业下的RULA评分与身体主要部位的角度变化数据。老年人洗菜作业时上肢和躯干的RULA得分分别为(4.29±0.6)、(4.57±0.5),此时躯干前倾幅度较大而下臂前摆幅度较小,表明上肢与躯干均有着较高的负荷与疲劳风险,建议优先通过改善水槽台面的高度以减少躯干弯曲;切菜作业时,上肢RULA得分为(4.14±0.7),此时上臂外展、下臂内收幅度较大,表明上肢部位存在较大的疲劳风险,建议优先通过改善准备台面高度来以减少上臂外展幅度;烧菜作业时,上肢部位RULA得分为(5.50±1.0),此时上臂前摆、上臂外展幅度大,表明上肢部位有着较高的负荷与疲劳风险,建议优先通过改善灶台高度以减少上臂前摆角度。
With long time and high frequency in the kitchen at home,the poor working postures for the elderly can easily lead to damage to the health.Based on Rapid Upper Limb Assessment(RULA)method,this paper analyzed the postural load and risk rating of various parts of the body during kitchen work for the elderly,and quantified the RULA score and the angle change data of the main body parts under three kitchen operations:washing,chopping and cooking.The results showed that the RULA scores of the upper limbs and trunk during dish washing are(4.29±0.6)and(4.57±0.5)respec-tively,with a greater amplitude of trunk leaning forward and arm swinging forward,indicating that both the upper limbs and trunk are at a higher risk of load and fatigue,and it is recommended that the height of the sink counter should be im-proved to reduce trunk flexion.The RULA score for the upper limb during chopping is(4.14±0.7),which indicates that the upper limb is at a higher risk of fatigue,and it is recommended that the height of the preparation worktop should be improved to reduce the upper limb abduction;the RULA score for the upper limb during roasting is(5.50±1.0),which indicates that the upper limb is at a higher risk of fatigue,as the upper arm is swinging forward and the upper arm is ab-ducted.It is recommended to reduce the upper arm swing by improving the height of the cooker.
作者
郑锋
余肖红
康特铭
ZHENG Feng;YU Xiaohong;KANG Teming(College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)
出处
《家具》
2024年第1期72-76,共5页
Furniture
基金
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220604020213455)
浙江省自然科学基金基础公益研究项目(LGG21C160001)。
