摘要
近年来,随着大气污染防治措施的实施,我国城市地区空气质量得到有效改善,以细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))为代表的污染物年均浓度持续下降,但是臭氧污染并没有得到很好的控制.明确臭氧生成敏感性变化规律及气象影响因子是制定有效臭氧污染控制策略的基础.本研究利用WRF-Chem模式数据计算VOCs/NO_(x)、HCHO/NO_(2)和H_(2)O_(2)/HNO_(3)(均为质量浓度的比值)三类光化学指示剂,对华北平原2021年4−9月的臭氧生成敏感性(OFS)控制区进行划分,并探讨不同天气状况下影响OFS的关键气象因子.结果表明:华北平原OFS控制区变化存在地域与季节性差异.人为活动水平越高的区域,OFS受挥发性有机物(VOCs)的影响越大,唐山市−北京市−天津市、石家庄市−邢台市、潍坊市−淄博市−济南市等地带臭氧生成主要处于VOCs控制;华北平原的VOCs控制区面积在4−7月间缩小,在7−9月间扩大,其中7月VOCs的控制区范围最小.此外,在华北平原地区,阴雨天相较晴天更利于发生OFS的日变化.晴天时,高温是OFS变化的关键因素;阴天时,高温高湿是引起臭氧敏感性转变的关键;而雨天,高湿条件发挥了更为重要的作用,但当雨量较大时,反而会抑制OFS发生转变.研究显示,华北平原的OFS与VOCs浓度密切关联,在不同天气下,气象因子通过影响VOCs浓度进而影响OFS.因而,针对不同天气状况实施差异化的前体物减排策略是有效控制臭氧污染的关键.
In recent years,with the implementation of air pollution prevention measures,China′s air quality has been effectively improved,and the annual average concentration of pollutants represented by fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))has continued to decline,while ozone pollution has not been well controlled.Clarifying the changes in the sensitivity of ozone formation and meteorological influencing factors is the prerequisite for formulating effective ozone pollution control strategies.In this paper,the VOCs/NO_(x),HCHO/NO_(2)and H_(2)O_(2)/HNO_(3)(mass concentration ratio)of photochemical indicators are calculated using the data of WRF-Chem model to divide the ozone precursor control area in North China Plain(NCP)from April to September in 2021,and the key meteorological factors affecting ozone formation sensitivity(OFS)under different weather conditions are discussed.The results show that there are regional and seasonal differences in the OFS control area in NCP.The regions with higher human activity levels are more strongly controlled by volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Tangshan-Beijing-Tianjin,Shijiazhuang-Xingtai,Weifang-Zibo-Jinan and other areas have been under the control of VOCs for a long time.The area of VOCs control area in NCP narrowed from April to July and expanded from July to September,with the smallest range in July.In addition,cloudy and rainy days are more conducive to the diurnal variation of OFS than sunny days in NCP.On sunny days,high temperature is the key factor of OFS variation.On cloudy days,high temperature and high humidity are both the key factors causing OFS change.On rainy days,high humidity condition plays a more important role.However,when the rainfall is heavy,it will inhibit the transformation of OFS.This study shows that OFS is closely related to VOCs concentration in NCP,and meteorological factors change OFS by affecting VOCs concentration under different weather conditions.Therefore,implementing differentiated precursor emission reduction strategies for different weather conditio
作者
刘冬晖
海尚飞
张玮航
高阳
周杨
赵园红
荆琦
刘晓瑜
盛立芳
LIU Donghui;HAI Shangfei;ZHANG Weihang;GAO Yang;ZHOU Yang;ZHAO Yuanhong;JING Qi;LIU Xiaoyu;SHENG Lifang(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Earth System of Modeling and Prediction Center,Beijing 100081,China;Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,and Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期479-492,共14页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.42275191)。
