摘要
20世纪初,美国实力增强、国际影响力提高,华盛顿决策者紧锣密鼓“恢复已经被日本扩张打破的远东地区的平衡”,这加快了美国从“大洋”走向“大陆”、再走向“大洋”的进程。英国在二战后霸权衰落以及自治领土要求脱离控制的状况与美国形成强烈反差。战后美国向亚洲太平洋地区进一步蔓延,使得该地区的既有“领主”英国发出反对的声音,拒绝美国一手“包办”亚洲太平洋地区的防御政策,不承认将英国排除在外的关于该地区的防御措施。值得注意的是,美英的竞争有两个特点:(一)共产主义政权的出现在美英霸权争夺中扮演着重要的角色;(二)美英矛盾与资本主义和共产主义之间的矛盾不同,表现为非根本性矛盾,美英之间具有共同的文化、价值观与族群基础,两者常常在妥协中实现合作,而并非发展到相互对抗的地步。
At the beginning of the 20th century,with the enhancement of the national power international influence of the USA,policymakers in Washington made great efforts to“restore the balance in the Far East,which had already been broken by Japan’s expansion”,which accelerated the U.S.move from the“ocean”to the“continent”,and then to the“ocean”again.British hegemony declined after World War II and self-governing territories claimed to be out of control,which contrasted sharply with that of the United States.The further spread of the USA into the Asia-Pacific region after the war caused Britain,the established“lord”of the region,to raise its voice in opposition,rejecting the USA’s“keep everything in one’s own hand”defense policy in the Asia-Pacific region and refusing to recognize the defense measures for the region,which excluded Britain.It is worth noting that the competition between the US and UK has two characteristics:(1)the emergence of the communist regimes played a due role in the struggle for hegemony between the US and UK;(2)unlike the contradiction between capitalism and communism,the contradiction between the USA and UK is non-fundamental as they share common culture,values and ethnic bases that they often realize cooperation through compromise,rather than reaching the point of mutual confrontation.
作者
程菲
Cheng Fei(School of History Culture and Tourism,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)
出处
《西部学刊》
2024年第6期142-145,共4页
Journal of Western
关键词
亚洲太平洋地区
竞争与合作
安全防御体制
Asia-Pacific region
competition and cooperation
security defense system
