摘要
为揭示泥沙起动的微观力学机制,通过在圆球中植入无线陀螺仪传感器制作智能泥沙颗粒,进行明渠水槽起动试验,结合视觉测量技术,实时采集颗粒位移、速度、加速度、角速度等高频数据,研究不同来流流速对粗颗粒泥沙弱起动过程影响的动力机制。试验发现,粗颗粒泥沙起动是一个平动和转动叠加的复杂动力过程,呈现出绕流脱涡激励下的横流向和顺流向摆动及周期性转动等运动模式,具体模式和颗粒雷诺数密切相关,试验工况中,颗粒雷诺数为386时横流向摆动现象最显著。基于测量数据,进一步分析了颗粒起动过程中的冲量和动能特性。
In order to reveal the micro-mechanical mechanism of sediment incipient motion,smart pebble is made by embedding a wireless gyroscope sensor in a ball,and the sediment incipient motion experiment is carried out in an open channel flume.Combined with visual measurement technology and real-time collecting of high-frequency data such as particle displacement,velocity,acceleration,angular velocity,etc.,the dynamic mechanism of the impact of different inflow velocities on the weak incipient motion of coarse sediment is studied.The experiment results show that the incipient motion of coarse sediment is a complex dynamic process with translational and rotational motion superimposed,the motion modes show the cross-flow and streamwise oscillation and periodic rotation under the excitation of vortex shedding around the flow.The specific mode is closely related to the particle Reynolds number.In the experimental conditions,the particle cross-flow oscillation phenomenon is the most significant when the particle Reynolds number is 386.Based on the experimental data,the characteristics of impulse and kinetic energy in the process of particle incipient motion are further analyzed.
作者
马崟凯
及春宁
许栋
谭红唯
冉启华
MA Yin-kai;JI Chun-ning;XU Dong;TAN Hong-wei;RAN Qi-hua(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Key Laboratory of Hydrologic-Cycle and Hydrodynamic-System of Ministry of Water Resources,Nanjing 210024,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China)
出处
《泥沙研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期16-23,共8页
Journal of Sediment Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52179076,51979186)。
关键词
智能泥沙颗粒
颗粒雷诺数
泥沙起动
水槽试验
smart pebble
particle Reynolds number
sediment incipient motion
flume experiment
