摘要
中世纪以来,英国的政治权力尤其是议会一直被贵族垄断。自1688年光荣革命至1832年议会改革前,英国也一直处于贵族精英的统治时代。这使得以往的英国政治研究容易将18世纪视为一个不温不火的时代,而对这一时期在英国政治权力变迁中的重要性有所忽视。然而在18世纪,英国走向世界的步伐日益加快,各种新兴阶层逐渐兴起并开启了对政治权力的追求,在一定程度上冲击了贵族精英体制,使得英国的议会政治在这一时期开始出现转轨,越来越多的民众以不同的方式被纳入国家的政治统治中,政治大众化趋势日益明显,为19世纪轰轰烈烈的议会改革奠定了坚实的阶级基础。
Since the Middle Ages,political power in Britain,especially parliament,has been monopolized by the aristocracy.From the Glorious Revolution of 1688 to the parliamentary reform of 1832,Britain had also been in an era of domination by the aristocratic elite.This has led to the tendency in previous studies to overlook the importance of the 18th century in the change of political power in Britain and to regard it as a lukewarm era.However,during this period,the pace of Britain's march towards the world accelerated,and various emerging classes gradually emerged and opened up the pursuit of political power,which impacted the aristocratic elite system to a certain extent,making the parliamentary politics of Britain in the 18th century an important turnaround,and more and more people were incorporated into the political rule of the country in different ways,and the mass political system took shape.
作者
安子涵
AN Zi-han(School of History and Culture,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)
出处
《山东青年政治学院学报》
2024年第2期16-21,29,共7页
Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“二战后英国经济政策史研究(1945—2016)”(20BSS052)
山东师范大学历史文化学院历史与红色文化研究专项基金项目“英国艾德礼政府养老保障制度研究(1945—1951)”(2023201)。
关键词
18世纪
议会政治
贵族精英
大众政治
转轨
eighteenth century
parliamentary politics
the noble elite
mass politics
transition
