摘要
19世纪以前,西方文学中的人物形象通常是某种观念的承载者,其性格非环境之产物,属“观念-性格”模式的典型。19世纪现代现实主义注重刻画人物性格,性格与环境密切关联,环境描写服务于丰富复杂性格的展示,其人物形象属“环境-性格”模式的典型。20世纪现代主义反叛性地消解人物性格,淡化人物与环境之关系,其人物形象属“抽象-象征”模式的典型。相较而言,“观念-性格”和“环境-性格”模式的典型更贴近读者,尤其是后者因其更注重性格、环境和历史之演变的立体化互动而更富有人文内涵和审美意蕴。对不同“模式”典型的体认旨在深化对丰富繁杂之典型人物的深度理解,并在开放性接纳人类文学之人物描写优长基础上促进本土文学研究、文学创作与文学鉴赏。
Before the 19th century, literary figures in Western literature were usually the carriers of certain ideas, with their personalities not being products of their environment, adheringto the “idea-character” pattern. In 19th-century modern realism, there was an emphasis ondepicting character traits closely linked to the environment, with the portrayal of the environment serving to enrich the display of complex personalities, thus falling under the “environment-character” pattern. In 20th-century modernism, characters were rebelliously dissolved,with their traits and their relationship with the environment being downplayed, renderingthem as typical examples of the “abstract-symbol” pattern. Relatively, typical characters in the“idea-character” pattern and the “environment–character” pattern are more relatable to readers, especially the latter, which possesses richer humanistic implications and aesthetic connotations due to its emphasis on the three-dimensional interaction of characters, environment,and historical evolution. Recognizing the characteristics of different “patterns” aims to deepen the understanding of the rich and diverse typical characters and to promote the study, creativewriting, and appreciation of local literature on the basis of embracing the strengths of character portrayal in open-ended acceptance of human literature.
作者
蒋承勇
Jiang Chengyong(Liberal Arts,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《外国文学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期37-51,共15页
Foreign Literature Studies
基金
浙江省社会科学基金重大项目“西方文学思潮发展史”(22YSXK03ZD)。
