摘要
“去欧美化”是新中国史学早期转向的主要路径和基本原则之一,对此后的史学变化具有原生意义。这一转向由中国共产党主导完成,既通过重建史学机制来完成史学主体力量的权力转换,又采取“大批判”加“大讨论”双管齐下的方式,清除以自由主义为根基的“学术独立”意识。在当时的史学话语体系中,“去欧美化”和“反帝”“批判资产阶级史学”之间存在语义上的一致性。贯穿其间的,则是更具普遍意义的阶级斗争话语。史学“去欧美化”又被赋予世界意义,表现为追随苏联史学界与欧美史学界展开话语权的争夺。这次史学转向服务于社会主义理想,其性质因超出学术范畴而产生简单化、过度化等弊端。作为一种政治策略,它的破坏效果极其明显,但破坏之后的建设也卓有成效,成功扭转了重考证轻理论、重微观轻宏观、重学术轻致用、重事实轻规律等学风,并把理论原则落脚到中国历史本身,从而把中国史学研究推进到新的阶段。
"De-Westernization"is one of the main paths and basic principles of the early turn of New China's historiography,which has the original significance for the subsequent changes in historiography.This shift was led by the Communist Party of China,which not only completed the power transformation of the subject force of historiography by rebuilding the mechanism of historiography,but also adopted a two-pronged approach of"great criticism"and"great discussion"to eliminate the consciousness of"academic independence"based on liberalism.In the historical discourse system at that time,there was semantic consistency between"De-Westernization"and"anti-imperialism""criticizing bourgeois historiography".Running through it is the more general discourse of class struggle.The"De-Westernization"of historiography has been endowed with world significance,which is manifested in the struggle for the right of discourse between the historiography of the Soviet Union and the historiography of Europe and the United States.This time historiography turned to serve the socialist ideal,and its nature went beyond the academic scope,resulting in simplification and oversimplification.As a political strategy,its destructive effect is extremely obvious,but the construction after the destruction is also highly effective,successfully reversing the study style of emphasizing textual research over theory,emphasizing micro over macro,emphasizing scholarship over practical application,emphasizing facts over laws,and placing theoretical principles in Chinese history itself,thus advancing Chinese historiography to a new stage.
作者
刘永祥
庄超
LIU Yong-xiang;ZHUANG Chao(School of Marxism,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266003)
出处
《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2024年第2期155-161,216,共8页
Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家“十四五”发展规划重大学术文化工程《(新编)中国通史》纂修工程《中国史学史》卷
2023年度山东省社会科学规划研究项目“全球化背景下‘中国近现代史纲要’课程抵制西方错误思潮任务和路径研究”(23CKSJ19)。
关键词
新中国史学
“去欧美化”
马克思主义史学
本土化
Historiography of New China
De-Westernization
Marxist Historiography
Indigenization
