摘要
为了探讨降雨过程时空分布不均匀性对河道径流的影响,以沂河、沭河流域为例,利用瞬时单位线法和马斯京根法计算重现期为10、 20、 50 a的3 d特征暴雨和2019年台风“利奇马”暴雨在2个流域中的洪水流量,得出各防洪控制站在不同暴雨条件下的洪水规律。结果表明:扇形流域内洪水汇流较集中,容易发生洪灾;羽形流域内各支流洪水交错汇入干流,近水先去,远水后去,洪水较缓和,沂河的防汛压力大于沭河的防汛压力;在相同降雨量条件下,沂沭河流域内临沂站在从北向南的降雨过程中更易形成大洪峰,斜午站、石拉渊站和重沟站在从南向北的降雨过程中更易形成大洪峰;莒县站位于沭河上游,控制流域包含多个支流和3个水库,流域形状为属于羽形流域的沭河流域中的扇形流域,具有洪水汇流集中的特点,沭河莒县站的防汛压力大于沭河其他防洪控制站的防汛压力,而且当沭河流域出现大范围同步降雨过程时,莒县站更易形成大洪峰。
To investigate influences of uneven spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall processes on river runoffs,tak-ing the Yi River and the Shu River watersheds as examples,flood laws of flood control stations under different rainstorm conditions were obtained by using instantaneous unit line method and Muskingum method to calculate flood flows of 3 d characteristic rainstorms with recurrence interval of 10,20,50 a and 2019 typhoon“Lekima”rainstorm in the two water-sheds.The results show that in sector watersheds,the flood confluence is concentrated prone to flood.In pinnate water-sheds,the flood of each tributary interlaces into the main stream.The nearer water flows away first and the farther water flows away later.The flood is moderate,and the flood control pressure of the Yi River is thus greater than that of the Shu River.In Yi-Shu River watershed,under the same rainfall amount conditions,Linyi station is more likely to form large flood peaks during the rainfall process from north to south.Xiewu station,Shilayuan station,and Chonggou station are more likely to form large flood peaks during the rainfall process from south to north.Juxian station is located in the upper reach of the Shu River,and the control watershed contains multiple tributaries and three reservoirs.The watershed shape is sector watershed in the Shu River watershed belong to pinnate watershed,which is characterized by concentrated flood confluence.The flood control pressure of Juxian station located in the Shu River is greater than that of other stations located in the Shu River.When a large-scale synchronous rainfall process occurs in the Shu River watershed,Juxian station is more likely to form a large flood peak.
作者
张宇
杨令强
梁延涛
冯现大
ZHANG Yu;YANG Lingqiang;LIANG Yantao;FENG Xianda(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong,China)
出处
《济南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第2期149-155,共7页
Journal of University of Jinan(Science and Technology)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51809115)。
关键词
防洪减灾
洪峰流量
瞬时单位线法
马斯京根法
流域形状
flood control and disaster reduction
flood peak flow
instantaneous unit line method
Muskingum method
watershed shape
