摘要
金沙江下游从上往下依次建设有乌东德、白鹤滩、溪洛渡和向家坝4个呈串联形式的梯级水电站,这4座大型水利工程的建设运行对下游水文情势产生了重要影响,并随之影响磷的迁移过程。基于4座梯级水电站的建设运行特点,将研究时间划分为2座电站运行阶段(2016—2019年)和4座电站运行阶段(2020—2022年)。通过分析2个阶段金沙江下游攀枝花至三峡出库南津关干流段监测站位总磷、流量和通量的变化情况,阐明金沙江下游梯级水电站运行对三峡库区总磷通量的影响程度。除嘉陵江汇入断面外,其余断面在4座电站运行阶段总磷浓度均有所降低。4座水电站的运行使得梯级水电站的调蓄作用进一步加强,但三峡入库流量波动在4座电站运行阶段并未变小,支流汇入对三峡入库流量的影响不容忽视。除沱江和嘉陵江外,其余断面总磷年均通量在4座电站运行阶段均出现一定程度的降低,沱江在2个阶段的总磷年均通量变化不大,嘉陵江在4座电站运行阶段的总磷年均通量较两座电站运行阶段增加了52%。向家坝出库对三峡入库总磷通量的贡献率由2座电站运行阶段的31%降低到4座电站运行阶段的26%,需持续关注金沙江梯级水电站的源汇作用和其对三峡入库总磷的影响。该研究结果可为持续性观测梯级水电站与流域磷迁移的规律提供参考。
In the downstream of Jinsha River,four cascade hydropower stations were constructed successively,namely Wudongde,Baihetan,Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba.The construction and operation of these four large-scale hydropower projects had an important impact on the downstream hydrological situation,and in turn affected the migration process of phosphorus.Based on the construction and operation characteristics of four cascade hydropower stations,the research period was divided into two hydropower stations operation stage(2016-2019)and hydropower stations operation stage(2020-2022).By analyzing the changes of total phosphorus(TP)concentration,flow and flux at monitoring stations from Panzhihua to Nanjiguan section in the two stages,the influence of cascade hydropower station on TP flux in the Three Gorges reservoir area was illustrated.Except for the Jialing River inlet section,the TP concentration of the other sections decreased during the four hydropower stations operation stage.The operation of the four hydropower stations further strengthened the regulating effect of the cascade hydropower stations,but the fluctuation of the inflow flow of the Three Gorges is not reduced during the four hydropower stations operation stage,which meant that the influence of the inflow flow of the Three Gorges could not be ignored.Except for the Tuojiang River and Jialing River,the average annual TP flux of the other sections decreased to a certain extent during the four hydropower stations operation stage.The average annual TP flux of the Tuo River in the two hydropower stations operation stage did not change significantly,and the average annual TP flux of the Jialing River in the four hydropower stations operation stage increased by 52%compared with that in the two hydropower stations operation stage.The contribution of Xiangjiaba TP discharge to the TP flux of the Three Gorges reservoir decreased from 31%in the two hydropower stations operation stage to 26%in the four hydropower stations operation stage.It is necessary to pay attention to t
作者
范向军
邓先明
谢国超
覃道品
翟婉盈
FAN Xiangjun;DENG Xianming;XIE Guochao;QIN Daopin;ZHAI Wanying(Watershed Hub Operation and Management Center of China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443133,China;Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center,Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Administration,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Wuhan 430010,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期3969-3977,共9页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
中国长江三峡集团有限公司资助项目(0711596)。
关键词
金沙江
梯级水电站
调蓄作用
三峡库区
总磷通量
Jinsha River
cascade hydropower station
regulating effect
Three Gorges Reservoir
total phosphorus flux
