摘要
为探求冀南地区中低产田施磷量和扬花期灌水量对小麦灌浆特性及产量的影响,于2020-2021年进行田间试验,设置施磷量和扬花期灌水量2个因素,其中施磷量设P1(P_(2)O_(5):112.5kg/hm^(2))和P2(P_(2)O_(5):168.75 kg/hm^(2))2个水平,扬花期灌水量设W0(不灌水)、W1(50%灌水:375 m^(3)/hm^(2)),W3(常规灌水:750 m^(3)/hm^(2))3个水平,分析了不同施磷量和扬花期灌水量对冬小麦灌浆特性及产量的影响。结果表明,增加施磷量显著提高小麦穗数和产量;增加扬花期灌水量可以显著提高小麦旗叶后期叶功能、籽粒最大生长量、穗粒数和产量;施磷量和扬花期灌水量之间有一定的交互作用,水多磷少,磷多水少条件下的小麦旗叶性状、灌浆特性及产量差异不显著。综合分析本研究结果,P2W2(施磷168.75 kg/hm^(2),扬花期灌水750 m^(3)/hm^(2))可作为本地区中低产田小麦高产栽培的水磷管理参考措施;P2W1(施磷168.75 kg/hm^(2),扬花期灌水375 m^(3)/hm^(2))可作为本地区中低产田小麦节水稳产栽培的水磷管理参考措施。
To explore the effects of phosphorus application rate and irrigation amount during flowering stage on wheat grain filling characteristics and yield in the middle and low-yield fields in southern Hebei,a field experiment was conducted during the 2020-2021 growing seasons.The study investigated the combined effects of two phosphorus application rates(P1:P_(2)O_(5)112.5 kg/hm^(2),P2:P_(2)O_(5)168.75 kg/hm^(2))and three irrigation amounts(W0:no irrigation,W1:irrigation 375 m^(3)/hm^(2),W2:irrigation 750 m^(3)/hm^(2))on wheat grain-filling characteristics and yield.The results showed that an increased amount of phosphorus application significantly increased both spike number and yield.An increased irrigation amount during the flowering stage significantly improved the leaf function at the late flag leaf stage,the maximum grain growth,the number of grains per spike and yield.There was a certain interaction between the amount of phosphorus application and the irrigation amount at the flowering period.There was no significant difference in flag leaf traits,grain-filling characteristics and wheat yield under the condition of more phosphorus and less water or more water and less phosphorus.Based on the comprehensive analysis,P2W2(P_(2)O_(5):168.75 kg/hm^(2),irrigation at flowering stage:750 m^(3)/hm^(2))can be used as a reference measure for water and phosphorus management of high-yield wheat cultivation in middle and low-yield fields in this region.P2W1(P_(2)O_(5):168.75 kg/hm^(2),irrigation at flowering stage:375 m^(3)/hm^(2))can be used as a reference measure for water and phosphorus management of water-saving and stable yield cultivation of wheat in middle and low-yield fields in this region.
作者
温国昌
李保军
杨璞
李红铁
贾建彬
WEN Guochang;LI Baojun;YANG Pu;LI Hongtie;JIA Jianbin(Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan,Hebei 056001,China;The Key Laboratory of Crop Hybrid Advantage Research and Utilization of Hebei Province,Handan,056001,China)
出处
《陕西农业科学》
2024年第1期71-75,108,共6页
Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(21112012001,21422012093)。
关键词
磷
扬花期
灌水量
小麦
灌浆
产量
Phosphorus
Flowering stage
Irrigation amount
Wheat
Grain filling
Yield
