摘要
积极稳妥地解决社会不平等问题并促进社会进步是一个全球性挑战。智能技术与全球化大生产带来的机器与人竞争、工资在全球范围内竞争等问题可能会在短期和长期两个维度导致工人低工资并在长期内处于仅能糊口水平,使得工人阶级陷入一种“悖论性贫困”状态。智能化和全球化及由此带来的阶级固化和阶级不平等深化,导致社会流动性消失,可能严重影响社会经济稳定。无条件基本收入(UBI)作为一种应对日益加剧的不平等以及智能化可能引发的大规模失业和工资长期低位化问题的政策工具而备受关注,其在发达国家被视为应对智能化引起的就业结构挑战和改善现有社会福利制度的工具,在部分发展中国家被视为一种渐进性的减贫政策。全面建成小康社会后,相对贫困治理将成为中国实现共同富裕的主要挑战。因此,有必要在中国倡导以渐进方式建立无条件基本收入制度,以减少社会不平等,推动发展成果由全体人民共享,并通过实施无条件基本收入项目为国际相关进展贡献“中国经验”,进一步推进马克思主义中国化时代化。
It is a global challenge to actively yet prudently solve the problem of social inequality and promote social progress.The progress of artificial intelligence and global mass production will bring competition between machines and people,and make workers'wages compete on a global scale.This makes the wages of workers maintain at a level that can only make ends meet in both short and long term dimensions.The working class,therefore,falls into a state of"paradoxical poverty".The deepening and solidification of inequality brought by artificial intelligence and globalization will lead to the disappearance of social mobility,which may seriously affect social and economic stability.Universal Basic Income(UBI)has attracted much attention as a policy tool to deal with increasing inequality,and mass unemployment and long-term low wages that may be caused by artificial intelligence.In developed countries,it is regarded as a policy tool to rise to the challenge in terms of employment structure caused by artificial intelligent technology and improve the existing social welfare system,and in some developing countries,it is regarded as a gradual poverty reduction policy.Relative poverty governance becomes the main challenge to the common prosperity in China at present.It is necessary to advocate a gradual working schedule to establish a UBI system in China,to reduce social inequality and share the fruits of development with all people.Besides,the implementation of the UBI project could contribute the"Chinese experience"to the relevant international progress,and further promote the Sinicization of Marxism.
作者
于晓华
钟晓萍
YU Xiao-hua;ZHONG Xiao-ping(Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Economics,University of Goettingen,Goettingen 37073,Germany;School of Public Policy&Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2024年第1期23-36,共14页
Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition
