摘要
人与动物的互动实践已成为人文地理学者探索人地关系的重要研究议题。以四川大熊猫基地为案例,基于“魅力”概念,运用深度访谈、参与式观察与文本分析的方法,深入分析游客与明星动物在旅游活动中的邂逅,并揭示在此旅游过程中动物的能动性发挥与游客的多物种间的旅游体验。研究发现,游客与大熊猫的邂逅发生在不同空间情境下,其多样性是旅游地设计并刻意安排的商品化结果。大熊猫的魅力之于差异化的空间情境往往具有不同的影响作用。具体而言:(1)在实体展示空间的“前台”中,大熊猫的生态魅力与美学魅力能够激发游客观览时的天然好感,旅游地对其进行利用以维持大熊猫旅游的不竭热度;(2)旅游地所构建的虚拟展示空间则提供了无法直接观览到的大熊猫生物学特征与生命历程,使游客与大熊猫邂逅形式得以补充与丰富;(3)而在实体展示空间的“后台”中,旅游与公益教育相结合,游客被允许接近大熊猫的生活空间,建立起基于肉身魅力的更深层次的亲密邂逅。总体看,大熊猫的魅力不仅塑造了游客的多物种间的旅游体验,而且还构建了游客对于四川的地方认同。研究以空间视角探究了人与动物互动所营建的关系网络及其映射的权力运作机制,为探索旅游情境下的人与动物关系提供了新尝试,也为理解地球生命共同体提供了来自地理学的解析。
Recently,studying the interaction between human and animals has become an important way for human geographers to explore the relationship between society and nature.By adopting qualitative research methods such as in-depth interviews,participatory observation,and text analysis,this paper analyzes encounters of visitors and star animals in Sichuan giant panda bases.It reveals animal agencies and multi-species tourism experiences based on the concept of nonhuman charisma.This research found various encounters between visitors and wild animals,and these diversities are specifically designed,which has variegated effects.Specifically,(1)in the"foreground"of the physical space of the tourist destination,the panda's ecological and aesthetic charisma can arouse natural goodwill among tourists,which is manipulated by the tourist destination to maintain popularity to panda tourism;(2)the virtual space constructed by tourist destinations provides biological characteristics and life course of panda that cannot be directly observed,thus complementing and enriching the encounters between visitors and panda;(3)the"backstage"of the physical space of the tourist destination combines tourism with public welfare in volunteer activities,allows tourists to enter the living space of the pandas and thus shapes deeper and more intimate encounters based on panda's charm of the flesh.In general,the charisma of pandas not only shapes tourists'multi-species tourism experience,but also constructs tourists'place identity with Sichuan.The research explores the relationship network constructed by human animal interaction and the power operation mechanism mapped from a spatial perspective,which provides a new attempt to explore the relationship between humans and animals in tourism and reflects the construction of community of all life on earth from a geographical lens.
作者
尹铎
卢薇
朱竑
YIN Duo;LU Wei;ZHU Hong(School of Geography and Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;The Research Center for Human Geography and Urban Development in Southern China,Guangzhou 510006,China;Think Tank for Migration Governance and Urban Development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,Guangzhou 510006,China;Shenzhen High School of Science,Shenzhen 518129,Guangdong,China)
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期534-548,共15页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42142025,41971184)。
关键词
野生动物旅游地
能动性
地方
邂逅
大熊猫
四川
wildlife tourist destination
agency
place
encounter
giant panda
Sichuan
