摘要
返乡创业试点政策推动了中国乡村从“打工经济”向“创业经济”转型,是促进农民增收、农村发展和产业升级的关键之举,是全面推进乡村振兴的重要“抓手”。文章将返乡创业试点政策视为一项准自然实验,基于2011~2020年中国2045个县的面板数据,利用双重差分模型研究了返乡创业试点政策对乡村振兴的影响与作用机制。研究发现,返乡创业试点政策能够显著促进乡村振兴,主要通过产业结构升级和农村集体经济发展等渠道实现。异质性分析表明返乡创业对乡村振兴的促进效应在西部地区、东北地区和原国家级贫困县域较为显著,在东部地区、中部地区和非贫困县不显著。据此,文章建议继续推进和完善返乡创业试点政策的支持体系,引导农民工、大学生、退伍军人等群体返乡创业,更好地服务于全面推进乡村振兴的时代命题。
The pilot of the returning-home entrepreneurship policy has been instrumental in promoting China's rural economy from a'labor-driven'model to an'entrepreneurial'model.This shift is crucial for enhancing farmer incomes,rural development,and industrial advancement.Therefore,it can serve as a vital lever towards rural revitalization.The article treats the returning-home entrepreneurship pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment.Drawing on the panel data of 2045 counties from 2011 to 2020,it employs a difference-in-differences model to investigate the policy's impact and mechanisms on rural revitalization.The findings indicate that the returning-home entrepreneurship pilot policy significantly fosters rural revitalization.This is primarily achieved through upgrading of industrial structure and developing the rural collective economy.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the policy effectiveness is pronounced in Western China,Northeastern China,and the former national impoverished counties,whereas it is less significant in Eastern China,Central China,and counties not previously classified as impoverished.Based on these findings,the article recommends further improving the support system for the returning-home entrepreneurship pilot policy,and attracting the elites including migrants,college graduates,and veterans to start up business in their hometowns.
作者
邓金钱
蒋云亮
Deng Jinqian;Jiang Yunliang
出处
《中国人口科学》
北大核心
2024年第1期51-66,共16页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
基金
国家社会科学基金年度项目“农村新型集体经济赋能脱贫户生计转型的机制、效果与政策研究”(编号:22XJL011)的阶段性成果。
关键词
返乡创业
乡村振兴
长产业结构
农村集体经济
Returning-Home Entrepreneurship
Rural Revitalization
Industrial Structure
Rural Collective Economy
