摘要
目的探讨西安市空气污染对当地居民呼吸系统疾病的影响,为控制空气污染、减少呼吸系统疾病的发生提供参考。方法收集西安市2016年1月1日至2019年12月31日每日空气污染状况、气象数据及某三甲医院呼吸科日门诊就诊人数。采用病例交叉设计分析空气污染物与门诊就诊量之间的关系。结果大气污染物细颗粒(PM_(2.5))与一氧化碳(CO)在累计滞后4 d(lag04)时危害最明显[RR=1.017(95%CI 1.001~1.034)、1.027(95%CI 1.001~1.054)],仅会增加>65岁人群的呼吸系统门诊就诊量。可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))与二氧化硫(SO_(2))在累计滞后7 d(lag07)时每增加四分位间距(IQR)浓度,总人群呼吸系统门诊就诊风险分别增加4.26%(95%CI 1.73%~6.87%)和7.03%(95%CI 2.43%~11.84%),PM_(10)对<35岁人群危害效应最明显,SO_(2)对>65岁人群效应十分强烈。二氧化氮(NO_(2))和臭氧(O_(3))浓度的升高仅会增加>65岁人群呼吸系统门诊就诊量。结论西安市大气污染物PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、CO浓度的升高可导致呼吸系统门诊就诊量的增加,并且存在滞后效应,老年人群更应该注重NO_(2)和O_(3)对于呼吸系统的危害。
Objective To explore the effect of air pollution on local residents'respiratory system diseases in Xi'an city,and to provide references for controlling air pollution and reducing the incidence of respiratory system diseases.Methods The daily air pollution status,meteorological data and the number of outpatient visits in the respiratory department of a tertiary hospital from January 1,2016 to December 31,2019 in Xi'an city were collected.The case-crossover design was used to analyze the relationship between air pollutants and outpatient visits.Results The hazards of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5))and carbon monoxide(CO)were the most obvious when the cumulative lag of 4 d(lag04)[RR=1.017(95%CI 1.001-1.034),1.027(95%CI 1.001-1.054)],which only increased the number of respiratory outpatient visits for people>65 years old.When the particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter≤10μm(PM_(10))and sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))increased by interquartile range(IQR)concentration in cumulative lag of 7 d(lag07),the risk of respiratory outpatient visits increased by 4.26%(95%CI 1.73%-6.87%)and 7.03%(95%CI 2.43%-11.84%),respectively.The harmful effect of PM_(10) on people<35 years old was the most obvious,and the effect of SO_(2) on people>65 years old was very strong.Elevated concentrations of nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))and ozone(O_(3))only increased the number of outpatient visits to the respiratory system in people>65 years old.Conclusion The increase in the concentration of air pollutants PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2) and CO in Xi'an city can lead to an increase in the number of outpatient visits of respiratory system,and there is a lag effect.Elderly people should pay more attentions to the harm of NO_(2) and O_(3) to respiratory system.
作者
王巧云
姚杨
李田田
孙亚楠
王蒙蒙
程梓荷
吴静
王胜昱
WANG Qiaoyun;YAO Yang;LI Tiantian;SUN Yanan;WANG Mengmeng;CHENG Zihe;WU Jing;WANG Shengyu*(Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University,Xi'an 710000,China)
出处
《临床医学研究与实践》
2024年第7期1-6,共6页
Clinical Research and Practice
基金
2020年西安市第七批科技计划项目[No.20YXYJ0001(7)]
医学科研发展基金项目-临床与基础研究专项(No.B21021BN)。
关键词
空气污染
呼吸系统
日门诊量
病例交叉研究
air pollution
respiratory system
daily outpatient visits
case-crossover study
