摘要
肺癌是全球最常见的癌症之一。虽然肺癌的发病率与病死率具有性别差异,但对于女性肺癌(LCW)的病因及发病机理的研究尚未清楚。女性比男性更易受到烟草的致癌作用,其中较为明确的潜在机制是雌激素与烟草化合物中的多环芳烃(PAH)之间的协同作用以及癌基因突变,诱导代谢酶的表达,导致活性氧和DNA加合物的形成增强,从而导致肺癌发生增加。而在非吸烟女性肺癌患者中,除去烟草暴露这一因素,雌激素是通过其受体ERα和ERβ发挥增殖能力,其中最主要的是ERβ,通过基因组和非基因组信号传导影响肺癌变。ERβ的不同亚型可以促进细胞凋亡,从而发挥肿瘤抑制因子作用,对于该受体的研究机制尚未完全清楚。在非吸烟的女性肺癌中,信号转导通路的改变、致癌基因的激活与抑癌基因的突变以及食用油烟的过度暴露,都会增加女性肺癌的风险。在本篇综述中,我们介绍了暴露于烟草中的女性肺癌发病率增高的发病机理,以及在非吸烟女性肺癌中发病的可能病因并阐述其发病机制。
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Although there are gender differences in lung cancer incidence and mortality,the etiology and pathogenesis of lung cancer in women(LCW)have not been well studied.Women are more susceptible than men to the carcinogenic effects of tobacco,with the clearer underlying mechanisms being synergistic effects between estrogen and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)found in tobacco compounds,as well as oncogene mutations that induce the expression of metabolic enzymes,leading to enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species and DNA adducts,and consequently,an increase in the incidence of lung cancer.In contrast,in nonsmoking female lung cancer patients,removing tobacco exposure as a factor,estrogen exerts its proliferative capacity through its receptors ERαand ERβ,most notably ERβ,which influence lung carcinogenesis through genomic and nongenomic signaling.Different isoforms of ERβcan promote apoptosis and thus act as tumor suppressors,and the mechanism for the study of this receptor is not fully understood.In nonsmoking women with lung cancer,alterations in signaling pathways,activation of oncogenes with mutations in oncogenes,and overexposure to cooking fumes increase the risk of lung cancer in women.In this review,we describe the pathogenesis of the increased incidence of lung cancer in tobacco-exposed women,as well as possible etiologic factors and describe the pathogenesis of lung cancer in nonsmoking women.
作者
徐麒鹏
唐健
Xu Qipeng;Tang Jian(Department of Thoracic Surgery,Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University,Yantai 264199,China)
出处
《中华胸心血管外科杂志》
CSCD
2024年第1期57-62,共6页
Chinese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
基金
山东省医学会科研专项资金项目(YXH2022ZX02033)
山东省中医药科技项目(M-2022234)。
