摘要
农村信用合作社系统金融机构作为我国数量最多、覆盖范围最广的金融机构,长期深耕“三农”业务,在全面推进乡村振兴战略的背景下,更需要提升其为农服务能力,尤其是为农户、各类新型农业经营主体和农村集体经济组织提供特色化差异化的金融服务、满足这些需求主体多样化金融需求的能力。本文首先梳理了农村信用合作社系统金融机构为农服务能力的概念和内涵,分析了其内部影响因素和外部影响因素。总体上看,农村信用合作社系统金融机构为农服务能力受到稳健经营能力、可持续经营能力、产品和服务创新能力等内部因素以及同业竞争、宏观经济因素、政策因素、社会信用环境、金融基础设施等外部因素的影响。在分析农村信用合作社系统金融机构为农服务能力总体发展现状的基础上,笔者发现,尽管当前其为农服务能力有了较大提升,但仍存在治理结构不完善、为农服务企业文化流于表面、贷款不良率偏高、盈利能力和金融科技运用水平较低等内部问题,同时还面临同业竞争压力较大、政策和数字金融服务基础设施不完善等外部问题,从而削弱其为农服务能力。因此,未来需要从完善外部政策和保障体系、完善内部治理机制两大方面提高农村信用合作社系统金融机构为农服务能力。
Summary:In recent years,driven by the rural revitalization strategy and the policy requirements for developing inclusive finance in rural areas,the supply of rural financial services has continued to increase,and the breadth,depth,and quality of rural financial services have significantly improved.Financial institutions within the RCC system,including rural commercial banks,rural cooperative banks and rural credit cooperatives(RCCs),are the ones with the largest number and the widest coverage in China.These financial institutions have been deeply engaged in servicing rural,agricultural and farmers’development for a long time,and it is even more necessary for the financial institutions within the system to enhance their ability for serving rural,agricultural and farmers’development,especially their ability for meeting distinctive and differentiated financial services to farm households,various new types of agricultural operating entities,and rural collective economic organizations,and meet their financial demands.Only then can these financial institutions more effectively assist in building an agricultural power and achieving the goal of comprehensive rural revitalization in China.This paper first outlines the concept of the ability of financial institutions,agricultural and farmers’development,analyzes its internal and external influencing factors,and constructs a framework for analyzing such an ability.This paper analyzes the overall development status of the ability of financial institutions within the RCC system for serving rural,agricultural and farmers’development,and finds that although financial institutions within the RCC system have improved their ability to operate steadily and sustainably,and bring about innovations of their products and services,they still face a series of problems such as incomplete governance structure,superficial corporate culture of serving rural,agricultural and farmers’development,high non⁃performing loan ratios,and insufficient profitability and level of FinTech app
作者
冯兴元
李铖
燕翔
FENG Xing-yuan;LI Cheng;YAN Xiang(Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China;Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Finance&Banking,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100710,China)
出处
《财经问题研究》
北大核心
2024年第2期90-104,共15页
Research On Financial and Economic Issues
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字普惠金融支持乡村振兴的政策与实践研究”(22&ZD123)
中国社会科学院农村发展研究所A类研究创新工程课题“农村金融服务体系建设及优化路径研究”(2023NFSA02)。
关键词
农信机构
乡村振兴
普惠金融
为农服务能力
financial institutions within the RCC system
rural revitalization
inclusive finance
ability to serve the rural
