摘要
快速城镇化引发城市居民生活方式与居住环境的变化,对居民心理健康产生重要影响,通过建设绿色空间促进居民接触自然环境并缓解心理压力已成为重要的健康干预措施。现有关于绿色空间与居民心理健康的关系研究大多采用横断面设计,难以识别两者的因果关系,且缺乏探讨绿色空间对不同社会群体的心理健康效应的差异性。论文以武汉东湖绿道为例,基于2016年和2019年跟踪调查的1020份东湖绿道周边居民的问卷数据,在控制邻里环境特征的基础上,运用自然实验方法和双重差分模型探究绿色空间干预与居民心理健康变化的因果关系,并结合分层分析方法揭示绿色空间对于不同社会群体心理健康的因果效应的差异性。研究发现:①绿色空间干预显著促进了实验组居民心理健康水平的提升;②绿色空间干预对心理健康的因果效应在不同性别和教育程度的群体中无显著差异,而在不同职业和收入水平的群体之间存在显著差异,表现为绿色空间干预仅显著提升了未就业群体、低收入和中低收入群体的心理健康水平。总体而言,大型绿色空间的建设显著改善了周边居民的心理健康水平,尤其对于未就业、低收入和中低收入等弱势群体的心理健康促进作用更显著。绿色空间干预对于改善居民心理健康、缓解由社会经济地位差异造成的心理健康受益不均等问题具有重要意义。
A series of problems caused by rapid urbanization have a negative impact on the mental health of residents.As an essential health intervention,green spaces facilitate resident exposure to the natural environment and relieve mental stress.However,existing studies mainly use cross-sectional data,making it difficult to reveal the causal relationship between green space and mental health.In addition,few studies focused on the differences in the mental health effect of green space among different social groups.Therefore,we used a natural experiment approach to explore the impact of a large-scale greenway intervention—the East Lake Greenway in Wuhan,China—on residents'mental health.We collected data from the health effect questionnaires in 2016 and 2019(before and after the intervention)among residents living around the greenway,used the difference-indifferences model to explore the causal relationship between green space intervention and residents'mental health changes,and combined stratified analysis to reveal differences in the causal effect of green space on mental health across various social groups.The results show that:1)The green space intervention significantly promoted the improvement of mental health for the experimental group.2)The causal effect of green space intervention on residents'mental health was not significantly different among groups with different gender and education levels,but there were significant differences among groups with different occupations and income levels,indicating that the greenspace intervention has significantly improved the mental health of the unemployed,low-income,and low-middle income groups.Overall,the construction of large green spaces can effectively improve the mental health of surrounding residents,especially for disadvantaged groups such as the unemployed and low-income groups.Green space interventions are critical for improving the mental health of residents and alleviating inequalities in mental health benefits due to differences in socioeconomic status.
作者
谢波
谭徐媛
XIE Bo;TAN Xuyuan(School of Urban Design,Wuhan University,Hubei Habitat Environment Research Centre of Engineering and Technology,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期110-124,共15页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42371252,41971179)。
关键词
绿色空间
心理健康
因果效应
健康受益不均等
自然实验
green space
mental health
causal effect
inequalities in health benefits
natural experiment
