摘要
选取了铁钙材料(FC)和山核桃蒲生物质炭(BC)制备得到复合材料(BF),用于修复农田土壤中镉砷复合污染,以降低水稻糙米中的镉和砷含量.通过水稻盆栽试验,在植物生长期内,采集了土壤孔隙水、根际土壤、非根际土壤、水稻植株和水稻根表铁膜,探究了铁钙材料、生物质炭及其复合材料对土壤中镉和砷生物有效性和植株中镉和砷含量的影响及机制.结果表明,生物质炭材料能显著(P<0.05)提高非根际土壤(0.55~0.66个单位)和根际土壤(0.28~0.36个单位)pH,且提升土壤DOC含量;铁钙材料能显著(P<0.05)降低非根际土壤(0.14~0.27个单位)和根际土壤(0.38~0.41个单位)pH,同时降低土壤DOC含量.铁钙材料和复合材料能够同时降低土壤孔隙水、根际土壤和非根际土壤有效态Cd和As含量,而生物质炭能降低Cd含量,却提高了As含量,其中复合材料1%添加处理的效果最佳,土壤有效态Cd和As分别降低了41.8%~48.2%和6.1%~10.1%.生物质炭、铁钙材料和复合材料均能提高植株生物量(根、茎、叶和籽粒的干重),水稻籽粒干重较CK增加了48.5%~184.0%,根表铁膜含量增加7.5%~13.6%.与空白对照组相比,生物质炭能够有效降低水稻糙米中Cd含量(21.0%~26.1%),铁钙材料和复合材料能够同时降低糙米中Cd和As含量,其中复合材料对糙米中Cd和As降低效果最佳,降幅高达36.9%~42.0%和40.4%~44.4%,使水稻糙米Cd和As含量均低于国家标准值(GB 2762-2017).
In this study,iron-calcium material(FC)and hickory-cattail biochar(BC)were applied to prepare composite material(BF),which was used to repair the combined pollution of cadmium and arsenic in paddy soil to reduce the content of cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)in rice grain.Soil pore water,rhizosphere soil,bulk soil,rice plants,and root iron plaque samples were collected during the growth period of rice in a pot experiment to explore the effects and mechanism of FC,BC,and BF on the bioavailability of Cd and As in paddy soil and their contents in plants.The results showed that biochar could significantly(P<0.05)increase the pH value of bulk soil(0.55-0.66 units)and rhizosphere soil(0.28-0.36 units)and elevate the soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)content.FC material could significantly(P<0.05)reduce the pH of bulk soil(0.14-0.27 units)and rhizosphere soil(0.38-0.41 units),as well as the soil DOC content.Iron-calcium materials and composite could simultaneously reduce the contents of available Cd and As in soil pore water,rhizosphere soil,and bulk soil,whereas biochar could reduce the content of Cd but increase the content of As.Among them,a 1%addition of composite had the best effect.The available Cd and As in soil decreased by 41.8%-48.2% and 6.1%-10.1%,respectively.Biochar,iron-calcium materials,and composites improved plant biomass(dry weight of root,stem,leaf,and grain).For example,the dry weights of rice grains under these treatments were higher(48.5%-184.0%)than that of CK,as was the root iron plaque content(7.5%-13.6%).Compared with that in the CK,biochar could effectively reduce the Cd content in rice grain by 21.0%-26.1%.Iron-calcium material and composite could simultaneously reduce the Cd and As contents in rice grain.Among them,the BF treatment had the best effect on the reduction of Cd and As in rice grain,with a decrease of 36.9%-42.0% and 40.4%-44.4%,respectively.The Cd and As contents in rice grain were lower than the national standard values(GB 2762-2017).
作者
吴秋产
吴骥子
赵科理
连斌
袁峰
孙淇
田欣
WU Qiu-chan;WU Ji-zi;ZHAO Ke-li;LIAN Bin;YUAN Feng;SUN Qi;TIAN Xin(College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期450-458,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200302,2017YFD0801302)
浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY17D010009)。
