摘要
水资源干旱是限制灌区可持续发展的关键因素。为提高灌区的干旱防治能力,使其更好的发挥其在节水、减灾方面的作用,以淠史杭灌区为研究区,通过划分水资源配置子单元和设置调蓄节点,采用公平性最优和供水缺水率最小作为目标函数,总量控制、供水能力、分质供水等作为约束条件,采用基于精英策略的非支配遗传改进算法求解,构建区域General Water Allocation and Simulation Model(GWAS)模型;以2022年为现状基准年,与2023规划年组合,分为连续干旱与不连续干旱两大类,基于灌区水资源“应急干旱三次平衡”调控思想,分析灌区水资源在不同干旱情景下缺水的基础上,展开水资源抗旱配置研究,推演分析不同抗旱方案下水资源供需平衡情况。结果表明:连续干旱年中,灌区2023规划年在情景Ⅰ(P=90%)、情景Ⅱ(P=80%)来水频率下,各乡镇配置单元均存在不同程度的缺水情况,区域总缺水率分别为35.1%、20.8%;不连续干旱年中,2023规划年在情景Ⅲ(P=50%)来水频率下,模型基准配置水量基本可以满足区域各乡镇水量需求,区域总缺水率为5.9%。经不同抗旱方案尾部泵站补水、调整作物种植结构及外调水的优化配置后,三种情景下区域总缺水率最终都降为0%,优化后各配置单元供水改善效果显著。研究成果可为淠史杭灌区未来在应对不同干旱类型情景下水资源的合理调整提供技术支撑,并且可为实现该区域水资源统一管理和水量的统一调配提供理论依据。
The drought of water resources is the key factor that limits the sustainable development of irrigation areas.In order to improve the ability of drought prevention and control of irrigation area and make it play a better role in water saving and disaster reduction,Pishihang Irrigation District is taken as the study area.By dividing the sub-units of water resources allocation and setting up regulation and storage nodes,the optimal fairness and the minimum water supply shortage rate is used as the objective function,total quantity control,water supply capacity and different quality water supply as constraints,the non-dominant genetic algorithm based on elite strategy is adopted to solve the problem,and the regional General Water Allocation and Simulation Model(GWAS)is constructed.With 2022 as the base year and combined with 2023 planning year,it is divided into two categories:continuous drought and discontinuous drought.Based on the regulation idea of“three times balance of emergency drought”of water resources in irrigated areas,and on the basis of analyzing water shortage in irrigated areas under different drought scenarios,the drought resistance allocation of water resources in irrigation area is studied.The supply and demand balance of water resources under different drought relief schemes is deduced and analyzed.The results show that in the continuous drought year and the 2023 planning year of irrigation district,under the water inflow frequency of scenario I(P=90%)and scenario II(P=80%),there are different degrees of water shortage in each township allocation unit,and the total regional water shortage rates are 35.1%and 20.8%,respectively.In the discontinuous drought years,in the 2023 planning year,under the water frequency of scenario III(P=50%),the benchmark water allocation of the model can basically meet the water demand of villages and towns in the region,and the total water shortage rate of the region is 5.9%.After the optimal allocation of water replenishment at the tail pumping station of different
作者
燕乔
程贝
桑学锋
杨鑫
李阳
YAN Qiao;CHENG Bei;SANG Xue-feng;YANG Xin;LI Yang(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei Province,China;Institute of Water Resources,China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Research Institute,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2024年第2期15-22,30,共9页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研项目(01882104)
深圳市智慧水务一期工程项目(2019-440304-65-01-104004)。
关键词
淠史杭灌区
水资源配置
干旱推演预案
WAS模型
Pishihang Irrigation District
water resource allocation
drought scenario simulation
WAS model
