摘要
突发公共卫生事件是指那些已经发生或可能发生的危害事件,这类事件能够在极短的时间内产生极恶劣的影响,以及无法挽回的后果,对人民群众的生命财产以及健康安全造成了严重的威胁。并且产生的原因和影响因素涵盖范围广、持续时间长,从而产生一系列如群体性中毒或传染以及疾病暴发等事件出现,具有极强的危险性和社会危害性。此外,现阶段对于突发公共卫生事件的应急管理产生了组织结构不完善、保障系统不健全以及防控水平不高等管理缺陷,缺少了吸收发达国家突发公共卫生事件的应急管理经验,使良性的应急管理机制缺少整体建构方式,再加上人员的装备和培训,无法实现多部门的联动,从而进一步降低应急管理的科学性、有序性以及规范性。因此,为了进一步提升突发公共事件的应急管理水平,要综合考虑影响人民群众生命财产安全的诸多因素,对事件的发生原因进行综合排查,确保能够在第一时间将事件影响保持在可控范围内,阻止事件急速恶化。但如何在有效时间内,做到科学合理地处理好突发公共卫生事件,降低社会危害和财产损失,则是公共卫生管理环节亟待解决的问题。
Sudden public health emergencies refer to those hazardous events that have already occurred or may occur,which can have extremely adverse effects and irreversible consequences in a very short period of time,posing a serious threat to the lives,property,and health and safety of the people.And the causes and influencing factors cover a wide range and have a long duration,resulting in a series of events such as group poisoning,infection and disease outbreaks,which have extremely strong danger and social harm.In addition,at present,there are management deficiencies in the emergency management of sudden public health incidents,such as incomplete organizational structure,incomplete guarantee system and low prevention and control level.There is a lack of experience in absorbing emergency management of sudden public health incidents from developed countries,resulting in a lack of overall construction methods for a sound emergency management mechanism.In addition,the equipment and training of personnel make it difficult to achieve multi departmental linkage,further reducing the scientific,orderly and normative nature of emergency management.Therefore,in order to further improve the emergency management level of sudden public events,it is necessary to comprehensively consider many factors that affect the safety of people's lives and property,conduct a comprehensive investigation of the causes of the events,ensure that the impact of the events can be maintained within a controllable range in the first time,and prevent the rapid deterioration of the events.However,how to scientifically and reasonably handle sudden public health incidents within an effective time,reduce social harm and property losses,is an urgent problem that needs to be solved in the public health management process.
作者
卢丹
LU Dan(Public Health Department,Tianjin Wuqing District Dongpuwa Street Hospital,Tianjin 301700,China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2023年第12期226-228,共3页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
突发性
公共卫生事件
应急管理
水平提升
措施探讨
Suddenness
Public health events
Emergency management
Level improvement
Discussion onmeasures
