摘要
本研究考察了在人际冲突情境中,内隐信念感知对先发制人行为的影响,并且探讨了希望的中介作用。实验1让被试阅读与冲突相关的文章来启动“威胁性冲突是变化的或不变的”的内隐信念,实验2则在不直接提及冲突的情况下启动“世界是变化的或不变的”的内隐信念。两项实验结果均发现,在人际冲突情境中,相对于持有不变内隐信念的个体,持有变化内隐信念的个体体验到更高的希望水平,更少做出先发制人行为;希望在内隐信念感知与先发制人行为的因果关系间起完全中介作用。本研究有助于人们找到解决防御性攻击问题的方法,促进人际和谐。
Preemptive strikes are actions to eliminate or reduce the potential threat by a costly act,resulting in harm to others.While managing interpersonal conflicts,individuals prefer preemptive strikes to reduce or eliminate what they may perceive as a threat.Yet,it may cost individuals to initiate a preemptive strike and may find themselves in a substantially worse situation after launching a preemptive strike.It is unfortunate that such pricey and destructive preemptive strikes are prevalent in daily interpersonal interactions.The goals of this research were to explore the effects of perceived implicit beliefs on interpersonal preemptive strikes in interpersonal conflict situations using two experiments and to examine the mediation role of hope.In both experiments,a one-way between-subjects design was used,with the independent variable in Experiment 1 being the implicit belief that threatening conflict is changing/unchanging and the independent variable in Experiment 2 being the implicit belief that the world is changing or unchanging.The dependent variable in both experiments was preemptive strikes,which was measured by the proportion of people who pressed the red button.The mediating variable in both experiments was the hope of subjects in each experimental condition.In Experiment 1,subjects were asked to manipulate their perceptions of implicit beliefs about threatening conflict by reading an article presented in a news form highlighting that"threatening conflict is changing"or"threatening conflict is unchanged".Some studies,however,have suggested that those who did not directly refer to conflict situations,but merely believed that the world is a dynamic and constantly changing place,were more likely to experience hope in the conflicts.Consequently,they were more inclined to make amends with their conflict opponents.Therefore,in Experiment 2,we manipulated implicit beliefs about a changing and unchanging world successfully by building a more neutral intervention.The findings of Experiment 1 indicated that in inter
作者
谢周秀甜
王镇铖
林莉娜
刘雷
Xie Zhouxiutian;Wang Zhencheng;Lin Lina;Liu Lei(Department of Psychology,Ningbo University,Center of Group Behavior and Social Psychological Service,Ningbo University,Ningbo,315211)
出处
《心理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期142-150,共9页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(22NDJC066YB)
宁波大学省属高校基本科研业务费项目(SJWY2021007)
宁波大学科研创新基金项目(IF2022033)的资助。
关键词
先发制人行为
内隐信念
希望
人际冲突
preemptive strikes
implicit belief
hope
interpersonal conflict
