摘要
中国式现代化正定型于经过创新发展之传统“国—家”形态。运用历史政治学进路进行比较性考察可见,“国家”形态在世界范围内存在类型之别:西方类型无视甚至刻意否定家、族,中国类型承认家、族之合法性,以国—家兼容一体的结构和精神为骨干,形成“国—家”形态。它在漫长历史过程中屡遭冲击却顽强维系,晚近一百多年间又经历了家、国脱嵌-再嵌合的过程,其强大历史韧性要求我们将其理论化为自主知识体系之基础性概念:“国—家”肯定家对人的生存论意义,承认家、族的政治合法性与治理功能,“拟亲化”机制广泛存在于政治和社会生活中,家内亲亲之情弥散于国中;“国—家”是有情意的政治共同体,其政治以人心为枢纽,其政府是全员的、全方位的责任型政府,更大范围的天下秩序以家为基础。
In China,modern state is being formed and finalized by means of the continuation and innovative development of its traditional family-state form.Taking“family”as a method to compare its institutions and ideas macroscopically,this paper sheds light on two types of state form instituted respectively in China and the West:the Western type generally disregards,and even deliberately negates“family”and“clan”(族),while the Chinese type otherwise recognizes their legality,which results in the formation of family-state,with its key elements as the structural compatibility and spiritual union of“family”and“clan”.The family-state form was re-established time and again in ancient history,and now it is in the process of reconstruction after more than 100 years of vicissitudes.The Chinese type of family-state recognizes the political legality of“family”and“clan”.The mechanism of kinship is operated in the political and social fields,which makes affection for one's kin diffused in the structures of state,thereby family-state becomes an affectionate political community,and political affairs are centered on people's heart and feelings.The government becomes an all-inclusive and catchall responsible agent.Family-state form has great topological significance in the spectrum of human political forms,which is enough to constitute the basic concept of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics.
作者
姚中秋
Yao Zhongqiu(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2024年第1期74-85,共12页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
家哲学
国家理论
国-家
有情意的政治共同体
philosophy of family
theory of state
"family-state"
affectionate political community
