摘要
【目的】土地类型变化、土地工程建设和工业农业生产等人类活动通过改变下垫面性质而对地表蒸散发起到重要的影响作用,而目前针对人类活动驱动力的定量化研究十分有限。【方法】基于MODIS遥感影像和气象数据,利用地表能量平衡系统(SEBS)模型和趋势分析法探究了2009—2019年较长时间序列尺度上渭河流域蒸散发的时空演变特征,并利用残差分析法定量化评价了其对人类活动的响应。【结果】结果显示:(1)SEBS模型估算的蒸散发(ET)与水量平衡法所得实测值的拟合系数(R2)、均方根误差(RMSE)和平均相对误差(MRE)分别为0.78、0.84 mm和34.1%。(2)2010—2018年渭河流域耕地净减少约1 622.5 km2,增长率为-2.91%,主要流向为草地;建设用地面积净增加785.75 km2,增长率约15.55%,主要流入为耕地,未利用地转入最少。(3)人类活动对渭河流域ET起促进作用的区域面积约占比45.41%,其中贡献率在80%以上的区域约占比30%;起抑制作用的区域面积约占比4.24%,关中地区的贡献率在80%以上。【结论】结果表明:(1)SEBS模型在研究区具有较好的适用性。(2)时间尺度上,实际蒸散发呈现逐年波动上升趋势,变化速率约为0.019 mm/a;空间尺度上,实际蒸散发呈现东南高、西北低的地带性分布规律。(3)在研究时段内,人类活动对地表蒸散发有不同方向的驱动作用,其中促进渭河流域蒸散发的区域主要分布在泾河、北洛河流域中部及渭河上游的部分地区;抑制蒸散发的区域主要分布在关中地区。
[Objective]Human activities such as land use change,land engineering construction,and industrial and agricultural production have an important impact on surface evapotranspiration by changing the underlying surface properties,but the quantitative research on human driving forces is currently very limited.[Methods]Based on MODIS remote sensing images and meteorological data,the Surface Energy Balance System(SEBS)model and trend analysis method are used to explore the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of evapotranspiration in the Weihe River Basin over a long time series from 2009 to 2019,and the response of evapotranspiration to human activities is quantitatively evaluated using the residual analysis method.[Results]The result showed that:(1)The fitting coefficients(R 2),root-mean-square error(RMSE),and mean relative error(MRE)of evapotranspiration(ET)estimated by the SEBS model to the measured values obtained by the water balance method are 0.78,0.84 mm,and 34.1%,respectively.(2)From 2010 to 2018,the net decrease of cultivated land in the Weihe River Basin is about 1622.5 km 2,with a growth rate of-2.91%,mainly flowing into grassland;the net increase of construction land area is about 785.75 km 2,with a growth rate of about 15.55%,mainly flowing into cultivated land,and the unused land had the least transfer.(3)The area where human activities have a promoting effect on ET in the Weihe River Basin accounts for about 45.41%of the total area,with the area where the contribution rate is above 80%accounting for about 30%;the area where human activities have a suppressing effect on ET accounts for about 4.24%,with the contribution rate in the Guanzhong area above 80%.[Conclusion]The result show that:(1)The SEBS model has good applicability in the study area.(2)On the time scale,the actual evapotranspiration shows a fluctuating upward trend year by year,with a change rate of about 0.019 mm/a;on the spatial scale,the actual evapotranspiration shows a zonal distribution pattern of high in the southeast and low in t
作者
王丽霞
夏鹏宇
杨潇
潘飞燕
罗旭
WANG Lixia;XIA Pengyu;YANG Xiao;PAN Feiyan;LUO Xu(School of Geological Engineering and Surveying and Mapping,Chang′an University,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,Chang′an University,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2023年第12期120-132,共13页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41471452)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2021JM-161)
中央高校基本科研业务资助项目(300102269201,300102299206)。
关键词
蒸散发
人类活动
SEBS模型
残差分析
渭河流域
evapotranspiration
human activities
SEBS model
residual analysis
Weihe River Basin
