摘要
2022年8月12日20:00至13日20:00(北京时)酒泉市金塔县发生一次极端暴雨过程,金塔站24 h降水量和小时降水量均突破历史极值。利用逐分钟、逐小时、日降水观测数据及地面-雷达-卫星三源融合降水分析产品(CMA Multi-source Merged Precipitation Analysis System, CMPAS)1 h降水量数据,分析了此次暴雨天气过程的降水特征及极端性。结果表明:此次暴雨过程具有过程雨量大,局地性强,小时雨强强,对流性明显等特征,主要降水时段为夜间,暴雨中心位于酒泉市金塔县。11个气象观测站累计雨量达建站以来最大值,金塔站88 mm,是酒泉市所有国家气象观测站降水观测的次大值,超过62年来(1961-2022年)汛期平均值的58%;13个气象观测站小时降水量达建站以来最大值,金塔站56.2 mm,位居酒泉市所有气象站小时降水量的首位,接近62年来金塔站8月平均雨量的3倍,历史极端性明显。金塔站有3个降水时段,强降水主要发生在第二时段,逐分钟降水强度强,持续时间长。强降水中心首先出现在金塔站东南部,随后向西北移至金塔站附近,且强降水范围扩大,持续3 h后降水强度减弱并向东南方向移出,暴雨区降水过程结束。
An extremely heavy rainstorm occurred 20:00 on 12 to 20:00(Beijing Time)on 13 August 2022 in Jinta,Gansu Province,the 24 hours cumulative precipitation and hourly precipitation at Jinta station broke the historical extreme values.Based on the minutely,hourly and daily precipitation observation data,as well as the CMA Multi-source Merged Precipitation Analysis System(CMPAS)hourly precipitation data,the precipitation characteristics and extremity of the torrential rain event were analyzed.The results show that the extremely torrential rain event is characterized by large cumulative precipitation,strong locality,strong short-term precipitation and obvious convection.The main precipitation period is night and the rainstorm center is located in Jinta county,Jiuquan city.There are 11 stations reached the maximum since the station establishment,among which,the maximum appeared in Jinta station,reaching 88 mm,which is the second largest observed of all national stations in Jiuquan city,exceeding 58%of the historical average of the flood season in 62 years(from 1961 to 2022).There are 13 stations’s hourly precipitation reached the maximum since the station establishment and the maximum hourly precipitation of Jinta station was 56.2 mm,ranking the first among all the stations in Jiuquan,nearly three times of the average rainfall in August in Jinta Station in the past 62 years,showing obvious historical extremes.There are three precipitation periods in Jinta Station,and the heavy precipitation mainly occurs in the second period,with strong minutely precipitation intensity and long duration.The heavy precipitation center first appeared in the southeast of Jinta station,and then moved to the northwest,with the range of heavy precipitation expanding.After three hours,the precipitation intensity weakened and moved out to the southeast,and the precipitation process in the rainstorm area ended.
作者
张君霞
黄武斌
王一丞
赵彦琴
王基鑫
ZHANG Junxia;HUANG Wubin;WANG Yicheng;ZHAO Yanqin;WANG Jixin(Key Laboratory of Ari Climate and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Lanzhou Central Meteorological observatory,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Jinta Meteorological Bureau,Jinta 735300,Gansu,China)
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期156-165,共10页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM202206,IAM202113)
甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(21JR7RA703,21JR7RA712)
甘肃省科技计划项目(20YF3FA012)
甘肃省气象局人才专项(2122rczx-青年优秀科技人才-05,2122rczx-十人计划-01)
甘肃省气象局创新团队项目(GSQXCXTD-2020-01)。
关键词
干旱区暴雨
极端降水
对流
分钟降水
rainstorm in arid areas
extreme precipitation
convection
minutely precipitation
