摘要
唐代三省制下,堂案当为宰相对军国大政发表议论的表状在政事堂的存档。开元十一年(723)中书门下体制建立以后,直至五代末期,堂案则是宰相和其他官员对军国大政和常务发表议论的表状在中书门下的存档。《唐国史补》称“宰相判四方之事有堂案”,误。此“堂案”实为“堂判”。中书门下体制下,宰相以堂判判四方、百司之事。堂案内容改变和堂判文书产生,是中书门下作为军国大政的决策机构和常务主要裁决机构在公文运行方面的反映。
Under the three-department system in the Tang Dynasty,the court cases were archived as the memorial comments by prime ministers on significant political and military issues in the governance hall.In 723 when the Secretariat-Chancellery system was established,till the end of the five dynasties,the court cases as the comments of the prime ministers were moved into the Secretariat-Chancellery departments.The Supplements to the National History in the Tang Dynasty claimed that there were court cases for the prime ministers’adjudications on political affairs from four directions,which was wrong.Here the court cases were actually the court adjudications.Under the Secretariat-Chancellery system,the prime ministers adjudicated the affairs of four directions and hundred offices.Since the content of the court cases changed and the court adjudications were produced,it reflected that the Secretariat-Chancellery system became the decision-makers of significant political and military affairs and the major adjudicative administration.
作者
王孙盈政
Wangsun Yingzheng
关键词
唐、五代时期
堂案
堂判
中书门下体制
Tang,Five Dynasties
Court Cases
Court Adjudication
the Secretariat-Chancellery System
