摘要
野生动物肇事补偿是缓和人与野生动物冲突的常用措施之一,其核心目的是补偿社区居民的经济损失并最终改善社区居民对于肇事动物的态度,实现人与野生动物的和谐共处。以四川卧龙国家级自然保护区为例,研究了目前以及假设补偿后社区居民态度的变化及其影响因素和作用机制。在对态度进行多维特征划分的基础上,使用Wilcoxon秩和检验、二元logistic回归模型等方法探究野生动物肇事补偿对社区居民态度改变的作用以及影响因素。研究发现:野生动物肇事补偿可显著改变社区居民对于肇事动物的态度,且均发生了积极的改变,但对不同维度态度的改变作用不同。其中,喜厌态度的改变最明显,其次是捕杀态度和保护态度,最后是期望态度。肇事补偿对于社区居民的态度及其改变作用受到其社会经济特征的影响,其中是否受到过野生动物破坏、耕作总收入或总收入中耕作收入比重以及受教育程度显著影响社区居民的态度,农地总面积、牲畜数量、玉米地面积会显著影响社区居民情感态度的改变,玉米地损失面积会显著影响社区居民行为态度的改变。论文进一步讨论了各个影响因素的作用机制,并根据研究结果提出了普及肇事补偿制度、完善肇事补偿机制、调整生计策略和种植结构、通过多种方式培育社区居民对于肇事动物的情感和责任等减缓人与野生动物冲突的措施。
Wildlife damage compensation is one of the measures to mitigate conflict between human and wildlife.It intends not only to reduce economic losses caused by wildlife damage,but also to change local residents′negative attitude and improve their tolerance towards causing wildlife.Taking Sichuan Wolong National Nature Reserve as case study,we compared the local residents′attitudes towards causing wildlife at present and after hypothesized compensation,and then explored the significant influencing factors and underlying mechanism.Wilcoxon rank sum test and binary logistic regression model were used to compare attitude changes and identify the significant influencing factors,respectively.Local residents′attitude towards causing wildlife was divided into two dimensions,i.e.affection dimension and behavior dimension.The results showed that wildlife damage compensation could significantly change local residents′attitudes towards causing wildlife,and positive changes have taken place.But compensation effects on different dimensions of attitude changes were different,specifically,affection attitude changed the most and changed from negative attitude to positive attitude.Experience of wildlife damage could significantly reduce the positive attitude of local residents towards the causing wildlife.The higher the farming income,or the greater the proportion of farming income in total income,the more likely the negative attitude to expect increasing wildlife quantity,protect and hunt causing wildlife.The educated residents had a higher probability to dislike wildlife.In the case of attitude changes,the respondents who owned more total area of farmland,cornfield,and livestock number had lower probability to change affection attitude.The respondents who experienced greater corn loss had lower probability to change behavior attitude.Base on research results above,some measures were put forward to alleviate conflict between human and wildlife including popularizing compensation from animal damaging among local residents,adap
作者
李红敏
李欣茹
谢美钰
徐建英
LI Hongmin;LI Xinru;XIE Meiyu;XU Jianying(College of Resource,Environmental and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Key Laboratory of 3-Dimensional Information Acquisition and Application,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100048,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第24期10376-10386,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家级自然科学基金资助项目(42171276)。
关键词
野生动物肇事补偿
社区居民态度
态度改变
冲突减缓措施
影响因素
四川卧龙国家级自然保护区
wildlife damage compensation
local residents′attitudes
attitude changes
measures to mitigate conflicts
influencing factors
Sichuan Wolong National Nature Reserve
