摘要
目的:为研究不同海拔居群染色体核型变异及进化程度,为披碱草的分类及进化研究提供细胞学资料。方法:以川西北高原6个海拔梯度的披碱草居群和5个海拔梯度的垂穗披碱草居群为材料,采用滴片法制片对染色体进行核型分析。结果:披碱草居群D3057(海拔3057 m)、D2682(海拔2682 m)的核型公式为2n=6x=42=42m,为1B型;D2384(海拔2384 m)核型公式为2n=6x=42=42m(4sat),为1A型;D2143(海拔2143 m)、D1747(海拔1747 m)的核型公式为2n=6x=42=40m+2sm,为1B型;D1589(海拔1589 m)的核型公式为2n=6x=42=36m+6sm,为2B型。垂穗披碱草Y2126(海拔4050 m)、Y2117(海拔3800 m)、Y2291a(4150 m)居群的核型公式为2n=6x=42m,ZY3034(海拔3200 m)的居群核型公式为2n=6x=40m+2M,Y2122(海拔4800 m)核型公式为2n=6x=40m+2sm,5个居群的核型类型均为1B型。基于核型对称性与进化指数,披碱草居群D1589(海拔1598 m)进化程度最高,垂穗披碱草居群Y2117(海拔3800 m)的进化程度最高。结论:川西北高原不同海拔披碱草居群核型存在丰富的变异,提升了其环境适应能力。
Objective:To investigate the chromosome karyotype variation and evolution of Elymus dahuricus and Elymus nutans and provide cytological data for the classification and evolution of Elymus.Methods:The chromosome karyotype of six populations of E.dahuricus and five populations of E.nutans from Northwest Sichuan Plateau were analyzed by dropping method.Results:The karyotype formula of populations D3057(3057 m)and D2682(2682 m)of E.dahuricus was 2n=6x=42=42m(1B),and population D2384(2384 m)was 2n=6x=42=42m(4sat),with the 1A karyotype type.The karyotype formula of D2143(elevation 2143 m)and D1747(elevation 1747 m)are 2n=6x=42=40m+2sm,with the 1B karyotype type.The karyotype formula of D1589(elevation 1589 m)is 2n=6x=42=36m+6sm,with the 2B karyotype.The karyotype formula of populations Y2126,Y2117 and Y2291a of E.nutans were 2n=6x=42m.The karyotype formula of population ZY3034 was 2n=6x=40m+2m,and the karyotype formula of population Y2122 was 2n=6x=40m+2sm.The karyotypes of five populations were 1B.Based on karyotype symmetry and evolution index,the population D1589(1598 m)of Elymus dahuricus had the highest degree of evolution.The population Y2117(3800 m)of Elymus nutans had the highest degree of evolution.Conclusion:There was abundant variation of karyotype in populations of Elymus dahuricus and Elymus nutans from different altitudes of Northwest Sichuan Plateau,which enhanced its adaptability to environment.
作者
杨财容
陈文婧
王小琴
祁伟亮
叶美金
刘松青
Yang Cairong;Chen Wenjing;Wang Xiaoqin;Qi Weiliang;Ye Meijin;Liu Songqing(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Lab.for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Agriculture and Forestry,Longdong University,Qingyang 745000,China)
出处
《中国野生植物资源》
CSCD
2024年第1期51-57,共7页
Chinese Wild Plant Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(32200196)
作物基因资源与遗传改良四川省重点实验室开放项目(ZWJYZY2020-2)
成都师范学院高级别科研项目培育专项(CS22XMPY0106)
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202114389040)。
关键词
披碱草
垂穗披碱草
居群
海拔
核型
变异
Elymus dahuricus
Elymus nutans
Population
Altitude
Karyotype
Variation
