摘要
本文提出了一种基于搭载平流层飞行器对平流层大气风场进行原位探测的探测系统,并详细介绍了其工作原理、计算公式和风洞实验结果。实验室测试中,该探测系统的理论测量误差值≤2.5 m/s。在常温下的风洞试验中,该系统表现出了良好的工作性能、系统稳定性和测量准确度。在和实验室的风向、风速对比试验中的相关性均超过了0.99,风速的平均绝对偏差为0.67 m/s,风向的绝对平均偏差为2.4°。2022年,中国气象局气象探测中心利用平流层超压气球搭载该系统在海拔19 km的平流层大气中进行了原位探测试验,对所搭载平台周围的风速和风向进行了探测,并对探测结果进行了比对分析。与平台轨迹算法进行比对结果显示,该系统具有较好的一致性;与NCEP_FNL再分析数据进行比对,显示出东西向风速的相关性较好,达到了0.795,而南北风速的相关性较差,仅为0.33。试验结果表明,在平流层飞行器上搭载该探测系统可以有效地探测平流层大气风场,对于获得平流层大气环境数据集、提供大气环境预报服务、开发平流层浮空器、监测平流层飞行器周围的大气环境、规划飞行路线和区域停留等方面具有巨大的应用潜力。
The stratosphere is the layer of the atmosphere extending upwards about 5o km from the tropopause.The vertical stability of the atmosphere in the stratosphere is relatively high,and the vertical motion is relatively weak,primarily dominated by large-scale horizontal motion.Additionally,there is less dust in the stratosphere,the atmosphere is more transparent,and the content of water vapour is lower,so there are fewer phase transitions of water vapour.Moreover,given the large distance between the stratosphere and the ground,it is unaffected by complex underlying surface effects,and concurrently,there are fewer aircraft in this area,ensuring no interference by other aircraft.Precisely because of the peculiarity of the stratospheric atmospheric environment,its applications in the fields of high-resolution real-time reconnaissance and surveillance,missile early warning,navigation and positioning,rapid communication reconstruction,atmospheric environment monitoring,disaster prevention and mitigation,homeland security surveillance and defense,and anti-terrorism are considerable.This potential has attracted widespread attention globally.This paper proposes a detection system predicated on in-situ detection of stratospheric atmospheric wind field undertaken by a stratospheric aircraft,extensively introducing its working principle,computation formula,and wind tunnel test results.In the laboratory test,the theoretical measurement error value of the detection system is<2.5 m/s.In the wind tunnel test at room temperature,the system has illustrated exemplary working performance,system stability,and measurement accuracy.The correlation between wind direction and wind speed exceeds O.99,the average absolute deviation of wind speed is 0.67 m/s,and the absolute average deviation of wind direction is 2.4°.In 2022,the Meteorological Observation Centre of the China Meteorological Administration equipped a stratospheric overpressure balloon to conduct an in-situ detection test in the stratosphere atmosphere at an altitude of 19 km,d
作者
刘振宇
郭启云
高涛
刘娜
杨加春
LIU Zhenyu;GUO Qiyun;GAO Tao;LIU Na;YANG Jiachun(Meteorological Detection Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 10008l;Hainan Meteorological Detection Center,Haikou 570203;Lanzhou Central Meteorological Observatory,Lanzhou 730000;Tianjin Huayun Tianyi Special Meteorological Detection Technology Co.,LTD.,Tianjin 300384)
出处
《气象科技》
2023年第6期785-793,共9页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
中国气象局创新发展专项“西部高海拔典型地区平流层观测试验”(CXFZ2022J066)项目资助。
关键词
艇载风压计
平流层
大气风场
boat-borne Anemometer
stratosphere
atmospheric wind field
