摘要
目的分析广西乡镇卫生院卫生人力资源现状,了解卫生人员流失状况并探究影响其流失的原因,为基层卫生人才队伍建设提供参考依据。方法广西乡镇卫生院卫生人力资源现状数据来源于《2022广西卫生健康统计年鉴》,流失数据来源于2021年6—9月对广西5个地级市的5个样本县合计15所乡镇卫生院的抽样调查。采用描述性统计方法和卡方检验进行统计分析。结果截至2021年底,广西乡镇卫生院共有卫生人员85964人,每千农业人口乡镇卫生院执业(助理)医师数为0.99。卫生技术人员中,女性、25~34岁、大专学历、初级职称的占比分别71.09%、39.59%、46.68%和44.01%。2018—2020年样本机构卫生人员流失率分别为7.71%、7.97%和5.36%,不同年份样本机构人员流失率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.240,P=0.016)。流失人员多为初级职称、中专学历的30岁以下人群。待遇、职业前景、家庭因素和工作环境等均是乡镇卫生人员流失的影响因素。结论广西乡镇卫生人员流失状况有所改善,但流失率仍相对较高。今后应提高基层卫生人员薪酬福利,改善工作环境;加强对年轻卫生人员的关怀,营造良好工作氛围;重视继续医学教育,制定“定向生”长期配套政策;落实职称制度改革文件,增加乡镇卫生人员晋升机会。
Objective This study aims to analyze the present situation of health human resources in township health centers in Guangxi,understand the turnover of health workers,and explore the reasons affecting their turnover,so as to provide a reference for the construction of grassroots of health professional teams.Methods Data on the current status of health human resources in Guangxi’s township health centers came from the“2022 Guangxi Health Statistics Yearbook”,and the attrition data came from survey sampling of a total of 15 township health centers in 5 sample counties,which were in 5 prefecture-level cities,in Guangxi,from June to September 2021.Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results As of the end of 2021,there were 85964 health workers in township health centers in Guangxi.The number of practicing(assistant)physicians in township health centers per 1000 agricultural population was 0.99.Among health technicians,the people who were female,aged between 25 and 34,junior college graduates,and junior professional titles were accounted for 71.09%,39.59%,46.68%,and 44.01%,respectively.The attrition rates of health workers in sample institutions from 2018 to 2020 were 7.71%,7.97%,and 5.36%respectively.The difference in the attrition rates of sample institutions in different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.240,P=0.016).Most of the attrition personnel were people under 30 years old,had junior professional title,and graduated from junior high school.Income,career prospect,family factors,and work environment affected the attrition of township health workers.Conclusions The attrition situation of health workers in townships and towns in Guangxi has improved,but the attrition rate is still relatively high.In the future,it is necessary to raise the wages and benefits of grassroots health workers,improve the working environment,strengthen care for young health workers,and create a good working atmosphere.It’s needed to pay attention to continuing medical education,
作者
陈闻旭
许文佳
徐成颖
郑佳慧
邹云锋
周波
CHEN Wenxu;XU Wenjia;XU Chengying;ZHENG Jiahui;ZOU Yunfeng;ZHOU Bo(School of Information and Management,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning,Guangxi 530021,China;Liuzhou People’s Hospital,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545000,China;School of Public Health,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning,Guangxi 530021,China)
出处
《应用预防医学》
2023年第6期388-392,共5页
Applied Preventive Medicine
基金
广西科技厅资助项目(AD17195086)
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会资助项目(Z20211431)。
关键词
乡镇卫生院
卫生人力资源
人员流失
township health centers
health human resources
staff turnover
