摘要
香水莲花(Nymphaea hybrid)是睡莲属中的大型热带睡莲,与目前常见睡莲不同,其花期长,花型优美,花色丰富,花香怡人,富含生物活性物质,受到越来越多研究者的关注。不同品系香水莲花花色随花期变化存在差异,而其花色变化规律尚不明确。本研究以4种不同花色香水莲花在不同花期的外层花瓣为试材,测定其在开花过程中花瓣色度值、花青苷、黄酮、细胞液pH、可溶性糖(soluble sugar,SS)和可溶性蛋白(soluble protein,SP)含量,苯丙氨酸解胺酶(phenylalanineammonialyase,PAL)和查尔酮异构酶(chalconeisomerase,CHI)的活性变化,以探讨香水莲花花色变化规律。结果表明:(1)香水莲花大多数花瓣表皮细胞都呈不规则褶皱突起,紫色、粉色和黄色香水莲花的色素主要分布于上、下表皮细胞,白色香水莲花中几乎未见色素分布;(2)随着花期的推移,总花青苷(total anthocyanin,TA)含量、PAL和CHI活性呈降低趋势,细胞液pH逐渐上升,总黄酮(total flavonoids,TF)、SS和SP含量先增加后降低,而花瓣明度L^(*)增强,且不同花期各参数值之间差异显著;(3)花瓣总花青苷与L^(*)、细胞液pH呈显著负相关,而与PAL、CHI酶活性呈极显著正相关关系。这表明香水莲花花色变化受多因素共同影响,花色的呈现与花瓣形态及花色素分布的位置等有关,花瓣花青苷和黄酮类物质含量的高低直接影响其花色的深浅,PAL和CHI酶活性一定程度上对香水莲花的花色形成起促进作用;同时pH、SS和SP则通过参与开花过程中的生理代谢,影响香水莲花花色的形成及其稳定性,进而导致香水莲花花色色调的改变。
Nymphaea hybrid is a large tropical water lily in the genus Nymphaea.Different from the common water lily at present,N.hybrid has a long flowering period,beautiful flower shape,rich flower color,pleasant fragrance and rich biological active substances,which has attracted more and more attention.The flower color of different N.hybrid varies with the change of flowering stage,but the change rule of flower color is not clear yet.In this study,the outer petals of four different colors of N.hybrid flowers at different flowering stages were used as the test materials.The chroma value,anthocyanin,flavonoids,pH value of cell fluid,contents of soluble sugar(SS)and soluble protein(SP),and activities of phenylalanineammonialyase(PAL)and chalconeisomerase(CHI)enzymes were measured during the flowering process.The epidermal cells of most petals of the N.hybrid flower showed irregular folds and protrusions.The pigment of purple,pink and yellow N.hybrid flowers was mainly distributed in the upper and lower epidermal cells,while the pigment distribution was almost absent in white N.hybrid flower.With the progress of flowering period,the total anthocyanin(TA)content,PAL and CHI activity decreased,cell pH value increased gradually.The contents of total flavonoids(TF),soluble sugar and soluble protein increased first and then decreased,while petals lightness L^(*)increased,and there were significant differences among parameters at different flowering stages.Total anthocyanin in petals was negatively correlated with L^(*)and pH of cell fluid,but positively correlated with PAL and CHI enzyme activities.This study shows that the changes of flower color of N.hybrid are affected by multiple factors,and the presentation of flower color is related to the shape of petals and the position of anthocyanin distribution.The content of anthocyanin and flavonoids in petals directly affect the depth of flower color.The activities of PAL and CHI enzymes promote the formation of flower color of N.hybrid to a certain extent.Meanwhile,pH,soluble sugar
作者
周琦
赵峰
张慧会
祝遵凌
汤鹏
ZHOU Qi;ZHAO Feng;ZHANG Huihui;ZHU Zunling;TANG Peng(College of Environment and Ecology,Jiangsu Open University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036,China;College of Architectural En-gineering,Jiangsu Open University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry Uni-versity,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期122-133,共12页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31770752)
江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(No.20KJB220006)
江苏开放大学(江苏城市职业学院)“十三五”规划课题(No.2020-D-01)。
关键词
香水莲花
花色变化
花青苷
黄酮
生理指标
Nymphaea hybrid
flower color change
anthocyanins
flavonoids
physiological indexes
