摘要
为明确华北小麦穗期主要蚜虫种类及其生态位,为京津冀地区小麦蚜虫预测预报和科学防控提供技术支持,采用五点式和棋盘式取样法系统调查了河北廊坊小麦穗期不同蚜虫种类的种群动态及其在植株上的分布,利用生态位理论,计算荻草谷网蚜Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi)、禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)和麦无网长管蚜Metopolophium dirhodum(Walker) 3种优势蚜虫的生态位宽度和重叠度。禾谷缢管蚜的时空生态位最宽,其次为荻草谷网蚜和麦无网长管蚜,其中禾谷缢管蚜的生态位宽度随时间推移呈上升趋势,其他两种蚜虫呈下降趋势。不同蚜虫种类之间存在生态位重叠,其中荻草谷网蚜与禾谷缢管蚜的重叠度最大,为2.073 0,荻草谷网蚜与麦无网长管蚜的重叠度最低,为1.656 4;随时间推移,荻草谷网蚜与禾谷缢管蚜之间的竞争趋于增强,禾谷缢管蚜与麦无网长管蚜之间的竞争趋于减弱,而荻草谷网蚜与麦无网长管蚜的竞争关系相对稳定。荻草谷网蚜是当地小麦蚜虫主要优势种群,禾谷缢管蚜时空生态位宽度最大,与荻草谷网蚜竞争激烈,麦无网长管蚜时空生态位相对稳定。
By field survey and analyzing the main aphid species and their niches at the wheat earing stage in North China,this study aimed to provide a technical support for the prediction system and scientific prevention and control of wheat aphids in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.We used five-point sampling and chessboard sampling methods to investigate the species,dynamics and position of wheat aphid on plants at the earing stage of wheat in Langfang.The niche theory was used to calculate the niche width and overlap of three wheat dominant aphids,Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi),Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)and Metopolophium dirhodum(Walker).R.padi had the widest temporal-spatial niche,followed by S.miscanthi and M.dirhodum.The niche width of R.padi showed an upward trend with time,while the other two aphid species showed a downward trend.Niche overlap existed between different aphid species:R.padi and S.miscanthi had the largest overlap(2.0730),and S.miscanthi and M.dirhodum had the lowest overlap(1.6564).With the passage of time,the competition between S.miscanthi and R.padi tended to intensify,and the competition between R.padi and M.dirhodum tended to weaken,while the competition between S.miscanthi and M.dirhodum was relatively stable.S.miscanthi was the main dominant species of local wheat aphids.The temporal-spatial niche width of R.padi was the largest,and its competition with S.miscanthi was fierce.The temporal-spatial niche of M.dirhodum was relatively stable.
作者
黄宗北
张智
李祥瑞
朱勋
张爱环
张云慧
HUANG Zongbei;ZHANG Zhi;LI Xiangrui;ZHU Xun;ZHANG Aihuan;ZHANG Yunhui(College of Bioscience and Resource Environment,Beijing University of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 102206,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Plant Protection Station,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期116-121,共6页
Plant Protection
基金
国家小麦产业技术体系(CARS-03)。
关键词
小麦
麦蚜
生态位
种间竞争
wheat
wheat aphids
niche
interspecies competition
