摘要
“来”用作位移动词时,主要表示“从别的地方到说话人所在的地方”。但在互动语境中,由于交谈双方处在同一空间,空间上的距离被弱化,且在交谈中听话人并无必要通过空间移动来实施后续的动作行为。这样一来,当“来”单用时,“来”便由位移动词逐渐去范畴化,具备了招呼叹词的功能,可将其看作是“招请听话人注意”的话语标记。“来”之所以会在互动中浮现出这种用法,与其脱离位移动词的典型语境,位移义逐渐弱化密切相关。作为一个次生叹词,“来”在使用中既有一定的优势,同时也受到了比较多的语用限制。
When lai(来)is used as a motion verb,it mainly means“coming to the place where the speaker is”.However,in an interactive context,the spatial distance is weakened since the two parties in the conversation are in the same space,and there is no need for the listener to move for performing subsequent actions during the conversation.Therefore,when used alone in interaction,lai is gradually de-categorized from motion verbs,and takes the function of greeting interjection,which can be regarded as a discourse marker for“attracting the attention of the listener”.The reason why lai emerges in this interaction is closely related to its departure from the typical context of motion verbs,and the gradual weakening of displacement meaning.Of course,lai has certain advantages in use,but also suffers more pragmatic restrictions as a secondary interjection.
作者
张言军
储泽祥
ZHANG Yanjun;CHU Zexiang
出处
《语言教学与研究》
北大核心
2024年第1期92-100,共9页
Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies
基金
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(项目编号:2023BYY016)
河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(项目编号:YJS2023ZX22)
河南省高等学校哲学社会科学基础研究重大项目(项目编号:2024-JCZD-04)的资助。
关键词
“来”
互动语境
变异用法
叹词化
lai(来)
interactive context
variant usage
interjectionization
