摘要
近年来医院发展朝着大型化和综合化形式迈进,同时也带来了一系列交通问题。本文就医院外部集散空间布局形式进行研究并改进,以缓解大型医院外部的交通拥堵混乱问题。通过分析大型医院外部空间的使用需求,重新界定了医院交通集散空间的范围与功能;结合其空间流线需求与建筑广场、城市道路设计理论,分析了医院集散空间的交通特征与规划要点;最后提出了各功能区布局原则,并从医院内外临时停车、交通设施布置、道路功能划分等方面阐明了医院交通集散空间的规划方法。针对不同形式医院的布局,分别设置了复合立体型、平面广场型和用地紧缺性三种形式,为城市规划设计者提供参考。
In recent years,the development of hospitals is moving towards large-scale and integrated forms,which also brings traffic problems such as congestion at the entrance and exit of hospitals,parking difficulties,and insufficient connection between hospitals and external traffic.This paper studies and improves the layout form of external distribution space of hospitals,so as to alleviate the traffic congestion and chaos outside large hospitals.First of all,the external distribution space of the hospital is defined as“the area where all kinds of arriving,departing and passing traffic slow down,queue up,park and pedestrians wait at the entrance and exit of the hospital and the surrounding roads”.The external characteristics of large hospital traffic distribution space were determined from three aspects:traffic flow characteristics,space area and management responsibilities,and the essential function of the hospital traffic distribution space was determined to be approaching—slowing down—judging—getting on and off—leaving.According to different functions,the distribution space area was specifically divided into traffic retardation area,getting on and off area,queuing area for vehicles entering the hospital and traffic conflict area.Through the investigation and analysis of large hospitals,the unique regularity of vehicle survey in large hospitals was found,and the planning methods and parameters of 5 main types of traffic flow lines in the traffic distribution space of large hospitals were determined by combining qualitative and quantitative methods.Based on the demand of space flow line and the design theory of building square and urban road,the paper analyzes the traffic characteristics and planning points of the hospital distribution space,including reasonable planning of the internal plot of the hospital,paying attention to the layout and planning of temporary parking space,and the diversion and isolation of the flow line.Finally,the layout principles of the functional areas of the distribution space are
作者
韩宝睿
徐宝涵
董任
钱宁亚
李水源
Han Baorui;Xu Baohan;Dong Ren;Qian Ningya;Li Shuiyuan(Department of Traffic Engineering,College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Medical Maintenance Building Research Center,Shandong Provincial Architecture Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Jinan 250000,China)
关键词
交通规划
大型医院
集散空间
功能布局
一体化设计
traffic planning
large hospitals
distribution space
function layout
integrated design
