摘要
人类不合理的土地利用模式使沙漠丘陵区生态环境愈加恶化,构建生态网络对改善生态环境质量,维持生态系统稳定具有重要意义。本文以陕西省神木市为研究单元,引入耦合绿度、湿度、干度和热度四个指标的遥感生态指数(RSEI)进行生态环境质量评价,并以评价结果为依据识别生态源地;综合从地形因素、植被因素、人为因素和水资源因素四个方面选取出8个阻力因子,通过空间主成分分析法(SPCA)构建研究区的综合生态阻力面;运用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)和重力模型提取研究区潜在生态廊道与节点,构建起“点线面”相互交融的生态网络框架。结果显示:①2015、2018年神木市生态遥感指数均值分别为0.4733、0.5075,整体生态环境质量处于中等水平,具有略微好转趋势,呈现出“西北差东南优”的空间分布特征。②以研究期间生态环境质量稳定且优良的区域为依据,确定了31个生态源地,面积共316.59 km^(2),占神木市总面积的4.15%,大部分集聚在研究区东南部,中部和西北部的生态源地破碎分散;源地的主要土地类型为草地、耕地及河流。③提取出神木市潜在生态廊道34条,生态节点22个,廊道总长度634.12 km,其中重要廊道20条,占总长度的57.58%,主要分布在研究区东南部,结合区域特征及研究结果提出了“一环四区”的生态网络框架布局。研究结果可为神木市区域生态安全规划与沙漠丘陵区生态网络构建提供科学参考。
The unreasonable land use pattern of human beings makes the ecological environment in hilly desert region worse and worse.It is of great significance to construct ecological network in improving the ecological environment quality and maintaining the stability of ecological system.In this paper,Shenmu City of Shaanxi Province was taken as the research unit,with the ecological environment quality evaluated by using the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)coupled with greenness,humidity,dryness and heat,and the ecological sources identified based on the evaluation results.Eight resistance factors were selected from terrain factor,vegetation factor,human factor and water resource factor,and the integrated ecological resistance surface was constructed by the spatial principal component analysis(SPCA).The minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model and gravity model were used to extract potential ecological corridors and nodes in the study area,with the ecological network framework of“point-line-plane”integration constructed.The results showed are as follows:①The mean ecological remote sensing indices of Shenmu City in 2015 and 2018 were 0.4733 and 0.5075,respectively.The overall ecological environment quality of Shenmu City was at a medium level with a slight improvement trend,showing a spatial distribution characteristic of“poor in northwest and excellent in southeast”.②Based on the areas with stable and excellent ecological environment quality during the study period,31 ecological sources were determined,covering a total area of 316.59km^(2),accounting for 4.15%of the total area of Shenmu City.Most of the ecological sources were concentrated in the southeast of the study area,and the ecological sources were fragmented in the middle and northwest of the study area.The main land types in the source area are grassland,arable land and river.③34 potential ecological corridors and 22 ecological nodes were extracted in Shenmu City,with a total length of 634.12km,including 20 important corridors,accounting for 57
作者
赵菊花
王玉杰
杨永崇
王涛
田苗
邢晓露
郭志炜
苏文壮
ZHAO Juhua;WANG Yujie;YANG Yongchong;WANG Tao;TIAN Miao;XING Xiaolu;GUO Zhiwei;SU Wenzhuang(College of Geomatics,Xi an University of Science and Technology,Xi an 710054,China;Beijing North-Star Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100044,China;Henan Communications Planning&Design Institute Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 451460,China)
出处
《西安理工大学学报》
北大核心
2023年第4期464-475,共12页
Journal of Xi'an University of Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0119200)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42271309)。
关键词
生态网络
遥感生态指数
空间主成分分析
最小累积阻力模型
生态廊道
重力模型
沙漠丘陵区
ecological network
remote sensing ecological index
spatial principal component analysis
minimum cumulative resistance model
ecological corridor
gravity model
desert hilly region
