摘要
The rapid expansion of renewable energies asks for great progress of energy-storage technologies for sustainable energy supplies,which raises the compelling demand of high-performance rechargeable batteries.To satisfy the huge demand from the coming energy-storage market,the resource and cost-effectiveness of rechargeable batteries become more and more important.Manganese(Mn)as a key transition element with advantages including high abundance,low cost,and low toxicity derives various kinds(spinels,layered oxides,polyanions,Prussian blue analogs,etc.)of high-performance Mn-based electrode materials,especially cathodes,for rechargeable batteries ranging from Li-ion batteries,Na-ion batteries,aqueous batteries,to multivalent metal-ion batteries.It is anticipated that Mn-based materials with Mn as the major transition-metal element will constitute a flourishing family of Mn-based rechargeable batteries(Mn RBs)for large-scale and differentiated energy-storage applications.On the other hand,several critical issues including Jahn-Teller effect,Mn dissolution,and O release greatly hinder the pace of Mn RBs,which require extensive material optimizations and battery/system improvements.This review aims to provide an investigation about Mn-based materials and batteries for the coming energy-storage demands,with compelling issues and challenges that must be overcome.
基金
financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2404400)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92263206,21875007,21975006,21974007,and U19A2018)
the Youth Beijing Scholars program(PXM2021_014204_000023)
the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2222001 and KZ202010005007)。
