摘要
通过监测西双版纳地区傣族传统村落的气象参数以及空间形态要素,分析西双版纳傣族传统村落微气候特征;结合热指数与人群的热感觉问卷调查结果,探讨该区域独特气候条件下傣族传统村落的微气候舒适域。结论如下:1)西双版纳傣族传统村落的各项微气候因子趋势变化较平稳,低于城市气象站,经测算,温度与PET的相关性最高,相对湿度、太阳辐射与之相关性次之,风速与之相关性最弱;2)西双版纳傣族传统村落的PET热中性值为27.3℃,舒适范围为17.67~36.9℃,最佳舒适范围集中在25~35℃,在早春季节,热感觉处于舒适(44.6%)占比最多,人们基本感到舒适或中度舒适;3)地形地貌、外部环境对区域内微气候环境产生直接的影响,山区型选址的传统村落受制于地形因素导致环境舒适度表现较坝区型选址差;4)同一地理选址条件下的,村落的建筑密度、空间围合、街道宽度对微气候产生直接影响,有效利用景观空间布局可以调节村落微气候表现。研究结果更加科学的解读传统村落气候适应性空间营建的生态智慧,提高村落人居环境质量,对我国传统村落生态保护及当代乡村生态建设具有重要的指导意义。
This study monitored the meteorological parameters and spatial morphological elements of traditional ethnic Dai villages in the Xishuangbanna autonomous region,with the view to analyzing the microclimatic characteristics in these villages.Moreover,after factoring the acquired questionnaire survey data on the villagers'heat perception into the available heat indices,further discussions were laid out on the microclimatic comfort zones in the unique context of these villages'climatic regionality.The conclusions are as follows:1)The miroclimatic factors of concern in these traditional ethnic villages tend to progress at a relatively smooth trend,with magnitudes that are generally lower than those recorded in urban weather stations;PET has the strongest correlation when coupled with temperature,followed immediately by relative humidity as well as solar radiation,and correlates the weakest with wind speed.2)The thermal neutral value of PET in these villages is 27.3℃,and the comfort range is 17.67~36.9℃.The best comfort range is concentrated between the 25~35℃range,with the early spring season recording the highest polls for"comfortable"thermal sensation at 44.6%of the total,during which people basically feel comfortable or moderately comfortable.3)Topography and external environment have a direct impact on the microclimate environment in the region;traditional villages situated in mountainous terrains are subject to topographic factors that lead to poorer environmental comfort feedback than in dam type sites.4)Under the same geographical site selection criteria,the vllage's building density,spatial enclosure,and street width have a direct impact on the microclimate,indicating that effective use of landscape spatial layout can regulate the village's microclimateconditions.
作者
李嘉欣
区智
依燕叫
周静帆
刘昕岺
LI Jiaxin;OU Zhi;YI Yanjiao;ZHOU Jingfan;LIU Xincen(School of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)
出处
《建筑科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期42-53,共12页
Building Science
基金
国家自然科学基金“基于参数化的云南傣族传统聚落景观区划研究”(32160403)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“基于微气候的喀斯特湿地景观格局研究”(2018JS334)。
