摘要
分析揭示黄河流域氨氮水生生物生态风险时空分异特征,对黄河流域氨氮风险管控和水生态环境保护工作的开展以及氨氮水环境质量标准的细化和修订具有重要意义.本文基于生态环境部颁布的《淡水水生生物水质基准-氨氮》国家生态环境基准,应用统计学方法和风险商法,研究了2022年黄河流域氨氮风险的时空分布特征并识别出重点关注时段和区域.同时,通过变异系数建立了对比氨氮风险时空差异性的方法,并采用Spearman相关性分析识别出黄河流域氨氮风险主要影响因素.结果表明:(1)黄河流域氨氮长期毒性基准和风险商的空间差异性分别为时间差异性的3.3和2.1倍.(2)时间上,冬季氨氮浓度和风险商显著升高,有风险的断面由春季的2.3%增至13.6%,冬季情况亟需额外关注.(3)空间上,黄河流域91%的断面无氨氮风险或风险较低,但渭河、汾河等黄河支流部分断面,特别是汇流河段氨氮长期毒性风险问题较为突出.(4)黄河流域氨氮风险除氨氮浓度外,主要受水体pH影响,水温对氨氮风险影响较小.研究显示,制定区域性氨氮水质标准和排放标准比季节差异化标准更为重要,需要重点关注支流和干支流汇流河段并建立水质监控和预警机制.除控制氨氮污染物的排放外,还应重点关注pH较高的水体.
The study reveals the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ammonia nitrogen ecological risk for aquatic organisms in the Yellow River Basin,which is of great significance for ammonia nitrogen risk control and aquatic ecological environmental protection in the Yellow River Basin,as well as the refinement and revision of the water environmental quality standard for ammonia nitrogen.Based on the China National Aquatic Life Criteria for Ammonia issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,this paper used statistical methods and risk quotient method to study the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ammonia nitrogen risks in the Yellow River Basin in 2022 and identify the key periods and areas of concern.Meanwhile,a method for comparing the spatiotemporal variability of ammonia nitrogen risks was established through the coefficient of variation,and the main influencing factors of ammonia nitrogen risk in the Yellow River Basin were identified using Spearman correlation analysis.The results showed that:(1)The spatial variability of long-term toxicity criteria and risk quotients of ammonia nitrogen in the Yellow River Basin were 3.3 and 2.1 times the temporal variability,respectively.(2)Temporally,the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and the risk quotient increased significantly in winter,with the proportion of risky sections increased from 2.3%in spring to 13.6%in winter,and the winter situation required urgent additional attention.(3)Spatially,91%of the sections in the Yellow River Basin have no or low risk of ammonia nitrogen,but the long-term toxicity risk of ammonia nitrogen is more prominent in some sections of the Yellow River tributaries,such as the Wei River and the Fen River,especially the confluent sections.(4)The risk of ammonia nitrogen in the Yellow River Basin was mainly affected by the pH of the water body in addition to the ammonia nitrogen concentration,while the impact of water temperature on ammonia nitrogen risk was relatively small.The study indicated that it is more important to
作者
廖梓童
陆韻
陈卓
丁仁
巫寅虎
魏东斌
高桦楠
徐红卫
温慧娜
胡洪营
LIAO Zitong;LU Yun;CHEN Zhuo;DING Ren;WU Yinhu;WEI Dongbin;GAO Huanan;XU Hongwei;WEN Huina;HU Hongying(Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC),Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center,Yellow River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision and Management Bureau,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Research Institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou),Tsinghua,Suzhou 215163,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期42-50,共9页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目(No.52293440)
黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目(No.2022-YRUC-01-0405-05)。
关键词
黄河流域
氨氮
生态风险
时空分异
Yellow River Basin
ammonia nitrogen
ecological risk
spatial and temporal variations
